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most rapidly (other)

  • 1 fastest

    Синонимический ряд:
    1. easiest (adj.) easiest; lightest; loosest; most unchaste; most wanton; most whorish
    2. most breakneck (adj.) briefest; fleetest; hastiest; most breakneck; most celeritous; most expeditious; most expeditive; most flying; most harefooted; most hurried; most posthaste; most raking; most rapid; quickest; rapidest; snappiest; speediest; swiftest
    3. most faithful (adj.) loyalest; most allegiant; most ardent; most constant; most faithful; most liege; most loyal; most resolute; most steadfast; steadiest; truest
    4. most indelible (adj.) most indelible
    5. most licentious (adj.) lewdest; most incontinent; most lascivious; most lecherous; most libertine; most libidinous; most licentious; most lustful; most randy; most salacious; most satyric
    6. surest (adj.) firmest; most fixed; most set; most stable; most tenacious; securest; solidest; stablest; staunchest; strongest; surest; tightest
    7. wildest (adj.) gayest; most devil-may-care; most dissolute; most raffish; most rakehell; most rakish; sportiest; wildest
    8. most rapidly (other) apace; at breakneck speed; at full blast; at the double (British); at top speed; by leaps and bounds; double-quick; flat out; like a bat out of hell; like a flash; like a shot (colloquial); like the wind; most expeditiously; most hastily; most quickly; most rapidly; most speedily; most swiftly; on the double (US); post-haste; presto; quickest
    9. most securely (other) most firmly; most securely; most solidly; most tightly; most unshakeably; tightest

    English-Russian base dictionary > fastest

  • 2 Religion

       As of 2008, over 90 percent of the Portuguese people professed to be Catholic, but a growing number of Portuguese, along with larger numbers of resident migrants from the former Portuguese colonies in Africa and from North Africa, adhered to other religious creeds. While only a relatively small number were Muslims, and mainly from North Africa or from north Mozambique or Guinea- Bissau, the number of Muslims was increasing. In the 1980s, a prominent mosque was erected in Lisbon, not far, ironically, from the embassy of Spain. The number of Jews remained small, under 1,000, although public interest in the history of the Jews and Crypto-Jews in post-1496 Portugal has increased recently through the appearance of new books, articles, plays, and films on the subject.
       In Portuguese history, religious homogeneity was long the rule, as church and state remained united. Following the First Republic (1910-26), when church and state were first separated, and the 1976 Constitution, when this separation was reinforced, greater religious heterogeneity was possible, despite the traditionally close identity between being Portuguese and being Catholic. For centuries, non-Catholic religious groups were persecuted or could not practice their religions freely.
       Changes in the religious picture followed the Revolution of 25 April 1974. The new migrants from the former colonial empire, as well as from North Africa, brought in non-Catholic religious beliefs. The 1976 Constitution guarantees all religious faiths the right to practice, those who are both Protestant and conscientious objectors can apply for alternative military service, Protestant missionaries have more freedom to serve abroad, and Protestant groups can build churches that look like churches, a right denied Protestants before 1974. Protestant sects comprise the most rapidly growing religious groups in Portugal, although the proportion of Portuguese Protestants in the population is smaller than that of Brazilian Protestants. Among such groups are Pentecostals, Mormons, Jehovah's Witnesses, and Evangelicals.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Religion

  • 3 mayor

    adj.
    1 bigger.
    2 grown-up (adulto).
    cuando sea mayor when I grow up
    ser mayor de edad to be an adult
    3 older (no joven).
    una mujer mayor an older woman
    ser muy mayor to be very old
    4 main (principal) (plaza, calle, palo).
    5 major, main, chief, leading.
    f. & m.
    1 major (military).
    2 head.
    * * *
    1 (comparativo) bigger, greater, larger; (persona) older; (hermanos, hijos) elder, older
    2 (superlativo) biggest, greatest, largest; (persona) oldest; (hermanos, hijos) eldest, oldest
    3 (de edad) mature, elderly
    4 (adulto) grown-up
    ■ ya eres mayor, así que defiéndete tú solo you are old enough to stand up for yourself now
    6 MÚSICA major
    1 MILITAR major
    1 (adultos) grown-ups, adults; (antepasados) ancestors
    ► nombre masculino,nombre femenino el/la mayor
    1 (entre varios) the oldest; (entre hermanos, hijos) the eldest, the oldest
    \
    al por mayor wholesale
    hacerse mayor to grow up
    no ir/pasar a mayores not to come to anything, not to be anything serious
    ser mayor de edad to be of age
    calle mayor high street, US main street
    * * *
    1. noun mf. 2. adj.
    1) main, major
    2) bigger, biggest
    3) larger, largest
    4) greater, greatest
    5) elder, oldest
    •
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) [comparativo]
    a) (=más grande)

    un mayor número de visitantes — a larger o greater number of visitors, more visitors

    son temas de mayor importancia — they are more important issues, they are issues of greater importance

    • la mayor parte de los ciudadanos — most citizens

    • ser mayor que algo, mi casa es mayor que la suya — my house is bigger o larger than his

    b) (=de más edad) older

    • mayor que algn — older than sb

    vivió con un hombre muchos años mayor que ella — she lived with a man many years her senior, she lived with a man who was several years older than her

    2) [superlativo]
    a) (=más grande)

    esta es la mayor iglesia del mundo — this is the biggest o largest church in the world

    su mayor problema — his biggest o greatest problem

    su mayor enemigo — his biggest o greatest enemy

    b) (=de más edad) oldest

    mi hijo (el) mayor — my oldest o eldest son

    3) (=principal) [plaza, mástil] main; [altar, misa] high

    calle mayor — high street, main street (EEUU)

    colegio 1), libro 2)
    4) (=adulto) grown-up, adult

    las personas mayores — grown-ups, adults

    • ser mayor de edad — to be of age

    • hacerse mayor — to grow up

    5) (=de edad avanzada) old, elderly
    6) (=jefe) head antes de s
    7) (Mús) major
    2. SMF
    1) (=adulto) grown-up, adult

    mayor de edad — adult, person who is legally of age

    2) (=anciano)

    ¡más respeto con los mayores! — be more respectful to your elders (and betters)!

    3) LAm (Mil) major
    3.
    SM

    • al por mayor — wholesale

    repartir golpes al por mayor — to throw punches left, right and centre

    * * *
    I
    1)

    a la mayor brevedad posible — (Corresp) as soon as possible o (frml) at your earliest convenience

    la mayor parte de los estudiantes — most students, the majority of students

    2) ( en edad)
    a) ( comparativo) older

    ¿tienes hermanos mayores? — do you have any older o elder brothers or sisters?

    mi hijo mayor — my eldest o oldest son

    c) ( anciano) elderly
    d) ( adulto)

    ser mayor de edad — (Der) to be of age

    no pasar or llegar a mayores: tuvo un novio, pero el asunto no pasó a mayores she had a boyfriend, but it didn't come to anything; afortunadamente la cosa no llegó a mayores — fortunately it was nothing serious

    4) ( en nombres) ( principal) main

    Calle Mayor — Main Street ( in US), High Street ( in UK)

    5) (Mús) major
    6) (Com)
    II
    masculino y femenino
    1) ( adulto) adult, grown-up (colloq)

    mis/tus mayores — my/your elders

    2) mayor masculino (AmL) (Mil) major
    * * *
    I
    1)

    a la mayor brevedad posible — (Corresp) as soon as possible o (frml) at your earliest convenience

    la mayor parte de los estudiantes — most students, the majority of students

    2) ( en edad)
    a) ( comparativo) older

    ¿tienes hermanos mayores? — do you have any older o elder brothers or sisters?

    mi hijo mayor — my eldest o oldest son

    c) ( anciano) elderly
    d) ( adulto)

    ser mayor de edad — (Der) to be of age

    no pasar or llegar a mayores: tuvo un novio, pero el asunto no pasó a mayores she had a boyfriend, but it didn't come to anything; afortunadamente la cosa no llegó a mayores — fortunately it was nothing serious

    4) ( en nombres) ( principal) main

    Calle Mayor — Main Street ( in US), High Street ( in UK)

    5) (Mús) major
    6) (Com)
    II
    masculino y femenino
    1) ( adulto) adult, grown-up (colloq)

    mis/tus mayores — my/your elders

    2) mayor masculino (AmL) (Mil) major
    * * *
    mayor1
    1 = senior, elderly, eldest.

    Ex: If we instruct it to ponder this question more leisurely, it will quickly try the user's patience with digressions concerning the less illustrious senior MOZART, LEOPOLD.

    Ex: To the general public 'the female librarian is still angular, elderly, acidulous and terrifying', to use Geoffrey Langley's words, 'and a male librarian is impossible under any hypothesis'.
    Ex: When her eldest son developed a glaucoma she became aware of the lack of suitable books.
    * apto para mayores de 13 años o menores acompañados = PG-13.
    * asistencia social para los mayores = elderly care, elder care [eldercare].
    * centro de día para mayores = day centre for the elderly.
    * cuidado de los mayores = kinkeeping.
    * cuidados de los mayores = elderly care, elder care [eldercare].
    * cuidados para personas mayores = elderly care, elder care [eldercare].
    * familiar que cuida de los mayores = kinkeeper.
    * gente mayor = elderly people.
    * hombre mayor = elderly man.
    * mayor de 25 años = mature adult.
    * mayores, los = elderly, the.
    * muy mayor = over the hill.
    * pesonas mayores = elderly people.
    * ser mayor = be older.

    mayor2
    2 = largest, greater, heightened, increased.

    Ex: Together they constitute the world's largest data base.

    Ex: The likelihood of data transmission errors is greater, however, and it is not recommended for constant use.
    Ex: The heightened level of community awareness has led some local authorities to take the initiative and to become information disseminators in their own right.
    Ex: Information networks are critical tools to ensure the exchange, transfer, and use of information which will facilitate the increased quality and quantity of agricultural production.
    * admitir un número de reservas mayor a las plazas existentes = overbook.
    * alcanzar mayores cotas = rise to + greater heights.
    * al por mayor = in bulk.
    * cada vez en mayor grado = ever-increasing.
    * cada vez mayor = escalating, ever-growing, ever-increasing, expanded, growing, increasing, mounting, rising, spiralling [spiraling, -USA], deepening, rapidly growing, expanding, constantly rising, swelling, ever larger [ever-larger], galloping, steadily rising, steadily growing, mushrooming, ever greater, rapidly expanding, ever-widening, burgeoning, heightening.
    * cada vez mucho mayor = fast-increasing, exploding.
    * calle mayor, la = main street, the.
    * causa de fuerza mayor = act of God.
    * colegio mayor = residence hall, dormitory [dorm, -abbr.], student residence.
    * comprar al por mayor = buy + in bulk.
    * con el mayor cuidado = with utmost care.
    * con el mayor secreto = a veil of secrecy.
    * con mayor detalle = in greater detail.
    * con mayor profundidad = in most detail, in more detail.
    * con un mayor nivel educativo = better educated [better-educated].
    * dar mayor importancia a = give + pride of place to.
    * demasiado mayor en relación con Algo = overage.
    * demasiado mayor para su curso = overage for grade.
    * de mayor edad = senior.
    * de mayor o menor importancia = great and small.
    * desajuste cada vez mayor entre... y = widening of the gap beween.... and, widening gap between... and.
    * descuento por compra al por mayor = bulk deal, bulk rate, bulk rate discount.
    * diferencia cada vez mayor entre... y = widening of the gap beween.... and, widening gap between... and.
    * distanciamiento cada vez mayor entre... y, = widening gap between... and, widening of the gap beween.... and.
    * durante la mayor parte de = for much of.
    * durante la mayor parte del año = for the best part of the year.
    * en caso de fuerza mayor = in the event of circumstances beyond + Posesivo + control.
    * en el mayor secreto = a veil of secrecy.
    * en la mayor parte de = in the majority of.
    * en mayor grado = to a greater degree, a fortiori, to a greater extent, to a larger degree, to a larger extent.
    * en mayor medida = to a greater extent, to a greater degree, a fortiori, to a larger degree, to a larger extent.
    * en mayor o menor grado = to a greater or lesser degree.
    * en mayor o menor medida = to a greater or lesser extent.
    * en su mayor parte = largely, mostly, for the most part.
    * en un número cada vez mayor = in increasing numbers.
    * fuerza mayor = force majeure.
    * hora de mayor demanda = peak time.
    * importancia cada vez mayor = growing importance, growing significance.
    * interés cada vez mayor = growing interest.
    * jefe del estado mayor = Chief of Staff.
    * la mayor parte de = the majority of, the main bulk of, the lion's share of.
    * la mayor parte de las veces = more often than not.
    * la proporción mayor de = the lion's share of.
    * libro de mayor venta = bestseller [best seller/best-seller].
    * material de tamaño mayor de lo normal = outsize material.
    * mayor + Nombre = longer + Nombre.
    * mayor rendimiento = efficiencies of scale.
    * mucho mayor = far greater, far larger, very much greater.
    * obtener el mayor rendimiento posible = maximise + opportunities.
    * para mayor información sobre = for details of.
    * para mayor información véase + Nombre = see + Nombre + for further details.
    * para mayor inri = to cap it all (off), on top of everything else, on top of everything else, but to make things worse, but to make matters worse.
    * período de mayor demanda = peak time.
    * precio al por mayor = block rate, wholesale price, bulk rate.
    * precio especial por compra al por mayor = bulk deal.
    * preocupación cada vez mayor (por) = growing concern (about).
    * problema cada vez mayor = growing problem.
    * problemas cada vez mayores = mounting problems.
    * programación televisiva de mayor audiencia = prime time television.
    * programa de mayor audiencia = prime time programme, prime time show.
    * sacar el mayor partido al dinero de uno = get + the most for + Posesivo + money.
    * sacar mayor partido a = squeeze + more life out of.
    * sacar mayor provecho = stretch + further.
    * separación cada vez mayor entre... y = widening gap between... and.
    * ser el que con mayor frecuencia = be (the) most likely to.
    * símbolo de mayor-que (>) = greater-than sign (>), greater-than symbol (>), right angled bracket (>).
    * suministro al por mayor = bulk supply.
    * tonto de marca mayor = prize idiot.
    * una mayor variedad de = a wider canvas of.
    * una necesidad cada vez mayor = a growing need.
    * un conjunto cada vez mayor de = a growing body of.
    * un grupo cada vez mayor de = a growing body of.
    * un número cada vez mayor = growing numbers.
    * un número cada vez mayor de = a growing number of, a growing body of.
    * vender al por mayor = sell + in bulk, wholesale.
    * venta al por mayor = wholesaling, wholesale.

    * * *
    A
    pueden volar a mayor altura they can fly at a greater height
    estas tablas le dan mayor amplitud a la falda these pleats make the skirt fuller
    un material de mayor flexibilidad a more flexible material
    en otros países el índice de mortalidad infantil es aún mayor in other countries the infant mortality rate is even higher
    esto podría reportar beneficios aún mayores this could bring even greater benefits
    mayor QUE algo:
    una superficie cuatro veces mayor que la de nuestro país a surface area four times greater than that of our country
    cualquier número mayor que 40 any number above 40 o greater than 40 o higher than 40
    X > Z ( Mat) (read as: equis es mayor que zeta) X > Z (léase: x is greater than z)
    el mayor país de América Latina the biggest country in Latin America
    el mayor número de accidentes de Europa the greatest o highest number of accidents in Europe
    ésa ha sido siempre su mayor preocupación that has always been her greatest worry
    le ruego lo envíe a la mayor brevedad posible ( Corresp) please send it as soon as possible o ( frml) at your earliest convenience
    la mayor parte de los argentinos most Argentinians, the majority of Argentinians
    ¿tienes hermanos mayores? do you have any older o elder brothers or sisters?
    mayor QUE algn older THAN sb
    soy dos meses mayor que tú I am two months older than you
    2
    (superlativo): ¿quién de los dos es el mayor? who is the older o elder of the two?
    éste es mi hijo mayor this is my eldest o oldest son
    el mayor de todos los residentes the oldest of all the residents
    3 (viejo) elderly
    ya es muy mayor y no puede valerse sola she's very old o ( colloq) she's getting on and she can't manage on her own
    4
    (adulto): no se les habla así a las personas mayores you shouldn't talk to adults o grown-ups like that
    cuando sea mayor quiero ser bombero when I grow up I want to be a fireman
    vamos, que ya eres mayorcito para estar haciendo esas cosas come on, you're a bit old to be doing things like that
    cuando sea mayor de edad ( Der) when he reaches the age of majority
    soy mayor de edad y haré lo que quiera I'm over 18 ( o 21 etc) and I'll do as I please
    (grande): no creo que esto requiera mayores explicaciones I don't think this needs much in the way of explanation
    no tengo mayor interés en el tema I'm not particularly interested in o I don't have any great interest in the subject
    la noticia no me produjo mayor inquietud the news did not worry me particularly o unduly
    se llevó a cabo sin mayores contratiempos it was carried out without any serious o major hitches
    no pasar or llegar a mayores: tuvo un pretendiente, pero la cosa no pasó a mayores she had a boyfriend, but it didn't come to anything o but nothing came of it
    hubo una pelea pero no llegó a mayores there was a fight but it was nothing serious
    (principal): Calle Mayor Main Street ( in US), High Street ( in UK)
    E ( Mús) major
    F ( Com):
    (al) por mayor wholesale
    [ S ] venta sólo (al) por mayor wholesale only
    los compran (al) por mayor they buy them wholesale
    hubo problemas (al) por mayor there were innumerable problems
    A
    1
    (adulto): no te metas en las conversaciones de los mayores don't interrupt when the adults o grown-ups are talking
    cada niño debe ir acompañado de un mayor each child must be accompanied by an adult
    mis/tus mayores my/your elders
    Compuesto:
    masculine and feminine person who is legally of age o who has reached the age of majority
    B
    mayor masculine ( AmL) ( Mil) major
    * * *

     

    mayor adjetivo
    1

    ◊ grande) ‹número/porcentaje› greater, higher;


    ‹ beneficio› greater;

    a mayor escala on a larger scale;
    un número mayor que 40 a number greater than 40

    ◊ grande): el mayor número de accidentes the greatest o highest number of accidents;

    su mayor preocupación her greatest o biggest worry;
    a la mayor brevedad posible as soon as possible;
    la mayor parte de los estudiantes most students, the majority of students
    2 ( en edad)

    mayor que algn older than sb

    ◊ es la mayor de las dos she is the older o elder of the two;

    mi hijo mayor my eldest o oldest son

    d) ( adulto):


    cuando sea mayor when I grow up;
    ser mayor de edad (Der) to be of age;
    soy mayor de edad y haré lo que quiera I'm over 18 (o 21 etc) and I'll do as I please
    3 ( en nombres) ( principal) main;

    4 (Mús) major
    5 (Com):

    ■ sustantivo masculino y femenino ( adulto) adult, grown-up (colloq);

    mis/tus mayores my/your elders;
    mayor de edad person who is legally of age
    mayor
    I adjetivo
    1 (comparativo de tamaño) larger, bigger: necesitas una talla mayor, you need a larger size
    (superlativo) largest, biggest: ésa es la mayor, that is the biggest one
    2 (comparativo de grado) greater: su capacidad es mayor que la mía, his capacity is greater than mine
    la ciudad no tiene mayor atractivo, the town isn't particularly appealing
    (superlativo) greatest: ésa es la mayor tontería que he oído nunca, that is the most absurd thing I've ever heard
    3 (comparativo de edad) older: es mayor que tu madre, she is older than your mother
    (superlativo) oldest
    el mayor de los tres, the oldest one 4 está muy mayor, (crecido, maduro) he's quite grown-up
    (anciano) he looks old
    ser mayor de edad, to be of age
    (maduro) old: es un hombre mayor, he's an old man
    eres mayor para entenderlo, you are old enough to understand it
    5 (principal) major, main: tu mayor responsabilidad es su educación, the thing that's most important to you is her education; la calle mayor, the main street
    6 Mús major
    7 Com al por mayor, wholesale
    II sustantivo masculino
    1 Mil major 2 mayores, (adultos) grownups, adults
    (ancianos) elders
    ♦ Locuciones: al por mayor, wholesale
    ir/pasar a mayores, to become serious: discutió con su marido, pero el asunto no pasó a mayores, she had an argument with her husband but they soon forgot about it

    ' mayor' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abundar
    - adicta
    - adicto
    - afán
    - alcalde
    - alcaldía
    - almacén
    - amable
    - brevedad
    - burgomaestre
    - calle
    - caza
    - colegio
    - confluencia
    - desarrollar
    - edad
    - engrandecer
    - escaparate
    - estado
    - Excemo.
    - Excmo.
    - fuerza
    - gruesa
    - grueso
    - hacer
    - hacerse
    - inri
    - obra
    - osa
    - palo
    - persona
    - plana
    - polemizar
    - predilección
    - re
    - safari
    - salir
    - sol
    - teniente
    - vender
    - venta
    - abuelo
    - ama
    - anhelo
    - atractivo
    - audiencia
    - cazar
    - ciudad
    - compás
    - de
    English:
    act
    - address
    - adult
    - big
    - bomb
    - bulk
    - capacity
    - cash-and-carry
    - claw back
    - densely
    - dipper
    - dormitory
    - elaborate
    - elder
    - eldest
    - few
    - frisky
    - grow up
    - growing
    - high street
    - hill
    - inquest
    - lion
    - little
    - main
    - major
    - mayor
    - mostly
    - much
    - nominee
    - often
    - old
    - outflow
    - outweigh
    - over
    - part
    - perpendicular
    - residence
    - senior
    - sergeant major
    - spur
    - staff
    - trade price
    - utmost
    - wholesale
    - wholesale trade
    - wholesaler
    - worship
    - abject
    - cash
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    1. [comparativo] [en tamaño] bigger ( que than); [en edad] older ( que than); [en importancia] greater ( que than); [en número] higher ( que than);
    este puente es mayor que el otro this bridge is bigger than the other one;
    mi hermana mayor my older sister;
    es ocho años mayor que yo she's eight years older than me;
    un mayor número de víctimas a higher number of victims;
    una mayor tasa de inflación a higher rate of inflation;
    en mayor o menor grado to a greater or lesser extent;
    no creo que tenga mayor interés I don't think it's particularly interesting;
    no te preocupes, no tiene mayor importancia don't worry, it's not (all) that important;
    apartamentos mayores de 100 metros cuadrados Br flats o US apartments of over 100 square metres;
    subsidios para parados mayores de cuarenta y cinco años benefits for unemployed people (of) over forty-five;
    la mayor parte de most of, the majority of;
    la mayor parte de los británicos piensa que… most British people o the majority of British people think that…;
    Mat
    mayor que greater than
    2. [superlativo]
    el/la mayor… [en tamaño] the biggest…;
    [en edad] the oldest…; [en importancia] the greatest…; [en número] the highest…;
    la mayor de las islas the biggest island, the biggest of the islands;
    la mayor crisis que se recuerda the biggest crisis in living memory;
    el mayor de todos nosotros/de la clase the oldest of all of us/in the class;
    el mayor de los dos hermanos the older of the two brothers;
    vive en la mayor de las pobrezas he lives in the most abject poverty
    3. [más] further, more;
    para mayor información solicite nuestro catálogo for further o more details, send for our catalogue
    4. [adulto] grown-up;
    cuando sea mayor when I grow up;
    hacerse mayor to grow up;
    ser mayor de edad to be an adult
    5. [no joven] older;
    [anciano] elderly;
    una mujer ya mayor an older woman;
    ser muy mayor to be very old;
    hay que escuchar a las personas mayores you should listen to older people;
    la gente mayor, las personas mayores [los ancianos] the elderly
    6. [principal] major, main;
    la plaza mayor the main square;
    la calle mayor the main street;
    el palo mayor the main mast
    7. Mús major;
    en do mayor in C major
    8. Com
    al por mayor wholesale;
    ♦ nmf
    el/la mayor [hijo, hermano] the eldest;
    mayores [adultos] grown-ups;
    [antepasados] ancestors, forefathers;
    es una película/revista para mayores it's an adult movie o Br film/magazine;
    respeta a tus mayores you should respect your elders;
    la cosa no llegó o [m5] pasó a mayores the matter didn't go any further
    ♦ nm
    Mil major
    * * *
    I adj
    1 comp: en tamaño larger, bigger; en edad older; en importancia greater;
    mayor que greater than, larger than;
    ser mayor de edad be an adult;
    ser (muy) mayor be (very) elderly;
    mayor que older than
    2 sup
    :
    el mayor en edad the oldest o eldest; en tamaño the largest o
    biggest; en importancia the greatest;
    los mayores the adults;
    la mayor parte the majority
    3 MÚS tono, modo
    major;
    do mayor MÚS C major
    4 COM
    :
    al por mayor wholesale
    II m MIL major
    :
    ir o
    pasar a mayores get serious
    * * *
    mayor adj
    1) (comparative of grande) : bigger, larger, greater, elder, older
    2) (superlative of grande) : biggest, largest, greatest, eldest, oldest
    3) : grown-up, mature
    4) : main, major
    5)
    mayor de edad : of (legal) age
    6)
    por mayor : wholesale
    mayor nmf
    1) : major (in the military)
    2) : adult
    * * *
    mayor1 adj
    2. (más grande) bigger
    4. (anciano) old / elderly
    5. (adulto) grown up
    6. (principal) main
    mayor2 n
    ¿cuántos años tiene el mayor? how old is the oldest?
    2. (adulto) grown up
    de mayor when I grow up / when you grow up etc.
    hacerse mayor to grow up [pt. grew; pp. grown]

    Spanish-English dictionary > mayor

  • 4 vez

    f.
    1 time.
    de vez en cuando from time to time, now and again
    vete de una vez just go, for heaven's sake
    en vez de instead of
    érase una vez once upon a time
    muchas veces often, a lot
    otra vez again
    pocas veces, rara vez rarely, seldom
    por última/enésima vez for the last/umpteenth time
    tal vez perhaps, maybe
    una vez más once again
    una vez que once, after
    una y otra vez time and again
    una vez once
    ¿te acuerdas de una vez (en) que fuimos a pescar? do you remember that time we went fishing?
    dos veces twice
    tres veces three times
    ¿has estado allí alguna vez? have you ever been there?
    a mi/tu/etc vez in my/your/etc turn
    a la vez (que) at the same time (as)
    alguna que otra vez occasionally
    a veces, algunas veces sometimes, at times
    cada vez (que) every time
    cada vez más more and more
    resulta cada vez más difícil it's getting harder and harder
    cada vez menos less and less
    cada vez la veo más feliz she seems happier and happier
    de una vez in one go
    de una vez para siempre o por todas once and for all
    2 turn (turno).
    ¿quién lleva o da la vez? who's the last in the queue o (British) line? (United States)
    voy a pedir la vez I'm going to ask who's last
    * * *
    1 time
    2 (turno) turn; (ocasión) occasion
    \
    a la vez at the same time, at once
    a su vez in turn
    a veces sometimes
    alguna que otra vez on the odd occasion
    alguna vez sometimes 2 (en pregunta) ever
    ■ ¿has estado alguna vez allí? have you ever been there?
    algunas veces sometimes
    cada vez every time, each time
    cada vez más more and more, increasingly
    cada vez peor worse and worse
    de una vez (de un acto) in one go 2 (definitivamente) once and for all
    ■ ¡acabémoslo de una vez! let's get it over with!
    de una vez para siempre once and for all
    de vez en cuando from time to time, now and again, every now and then, every so often
    en vez de instead of
    érase una vez... / había una vez... (en cuentos) once upon a time...
    otra vez again
    ■ tócala otra vez, Sam play it again, Sam
    perder la vez to lose one's turn
    * * *
    noun f.
    1) time
    •
    * * *
    SF
    1) (=ocasión) time

    por esta vez — this time, this once

    •a la vez, hablaban todos a la vez — they were all talking at once o at the same time

    canta a la vez que toca — she sings and plays at the same time, she sings while she plays

    •¿has estado alguna vez en...? — have you ever been to...?

    alguna que otra vez — occasionally, now and again

    • las más de las veces — mostly, in most cases

    • por primera vez — for the first time

    • toda vez que... — since..., given that...

    • por última vez — for the last time

    ¿cuándo lo viste por última vez? — when was the last time you saw him?, when did you see him last?

    tal 3., 3)

    ¿cuántas veces al año? — how many times a year?

    es cinco veces más caro — it's five times more expensive, it costs five times as much

    •a veces, [algunas] veces — sometimes, at times

    • contadas veces — seldom

    • de vez en cuando — now and again, from time to time, occasionally

    •¿ cuántas veces? — how often?, how many times?

    • dos veces — twice

    •en... veces, se fríen las patatas en dos veces — fry the potatoes in two batches

    • por enésima vez — for the umpteenth time *

    • muchas veces — often

    • otra vez — again

    • pocas veces — seldom, rarely

    • rara vez, [raras] veces — seldom, rarely

    • repetidas veces — again and again, over and over again

    • una vez — once

    una vez dice que sí y otra que no — first he says yes and then he says no, one time he says yes, the next he says no

    érase o había una vez una princesa... — once upon a time there was a princess...

    "una vez al año no hace daño" — once in a while can't hurt

    • varias veces — several times

    cada 2)

    • de una vez — (=en una sola ocasión) in one go; (=definitivamente) once and for all *

    ¡acabemos de una vez! — let's get it over with (once and for all)! *

    ¡cállate de una vez! — for the last time, shut up! *

    ¡dilo de una vez! — just say it!

    •en vez de — instead of

    • hacer las veces de — to serve as

    • una vez que — once

    una vez que me lo dijo se fue — once he had told me, he left

    una vez que se hayan marchado todos me iré yo — once they've all left, I'll go too

    • de una vez para siempre, de una vez por [todas] — once and for all *, for good

    4) (=turno) turn, go

    • ceder la vez — (gen) to give up one's turn; (en cola) to give up one's place

    • pedir la vez — to ask who's last in the queue

    • quitar la vez a algn — to push in in front of sb

    5) (Mat)
    * * *
    1) ( ocasión) time

    una vez/dos veces — once/twice

    una vez por semana/año — once a week/year

    me acuerdo de una/aquella vez cuando... — I remember once/that time when...

    la última/primera vez que lo vi — the last/first time I saw him

    mil veces or miles de veces — a thousand times o thousands of times

    ¿te has arrepentido alguna vez? — have you ever regretted it?

    la de veces or las veces que se lo dije! — the (number of) times I told him!

    érase or había una vez — (liter) once upon a time (liter)

    ¿por qué no lo dejamos para otra vez? — why don't we leave it for another time o day?

    repetidas veces — again and again, time and again

    a mi/tu/su vez — for my/your/his part

    ... quien a su vez depende del director —... who in turn reports to the director

    cada vez — every o each time

    de una vez — ( expresando impaciencia) once and for all; ( simultáneamente) in one go

    de vez en cuando — from time to time, every now and then

    rara vez — seldom, hardly ever

    una vez que hayan terminado — once o when you have finished

    hacer las veces de algo — caja/libro to serve as something; persona to act as something

    3) (Mat)
    4) (Esp) ( turno en una cola)

    ¿quién tiene or me da la vez? — who's last?

    * * *
    = turn, moment.
    Ex. In particular note, for example by ticking them, those terms that merit a turn in the lead position, and those that do not.
    Ex. There were moments when he could be almost affectionate, moments when his thoughts did not seem to be turned inward upon his own anxious solicitudes.
    ----
    * a la vez = at once, at one time, at similar times, at the same time, concurrently, side-by-side, simultaneously, at the same instant, in parallel, in tandem, at the one time, in a tandem fashion, at a time, in unison.
    * a la vez que = hand in hand (with), cum, in conjunction with, in unison with.
    * alguna que otra vez = from time to time, every once in a while, occasional, every now and then, every now and again.
    * algunas veces = sometimes, from time to time, occasionally.
    * alguna vez = ever, on any one occasion.
    * aparecer por primera vez = premiere.
    * a su vez = Verbo + further, in turn, in its/their turn.
    * a veces = at times, sometimes, at various times, from time to time, on occasion(s).
    * a veces las cosas salen mal = shit happens.
    * a veces sales jodido = shit happens.
    * búsqueda de varios ficheros a la vez = multi-file searching.
    * cada vez = at a time, each time, every time [everytime].
    * cada vez en mayor grado = ever-increasing.
    * cada vez más = ever-growing, ever-increasing, increasingly, more and more, progressively, ever more, mushrooming, ever greater, in increasing numbers, increasing.
    * cada vez más abultado = swelling.
    * cada vez más + Adjetivo = ever + Adjetivo Comparativo.
    * cada vez más alto = constantly rising, steadily rising, steadily growing.
    * cada vez más amplio = ever-widening.
    * cada vez más extendido = spreading.
    * cada vez más fácil = ever easier.
    * cada vez más lejos = further and further.
    * cada vez más rápido = ever faster.
    * cada vez más restringido = tightening.
    * cada vez más tenue = fading.
    * cada vez más viejo = aging [ageing].
    * cada vez mayor = escalating, ever-growing, ever-increasing, expanded, growing, increasing, mounting, rising, spiralling [spiraling, -USA], rapidly growing, expanding, constantly rising, ever larger [ever-larger], galloping, steadily rising, steadily growing, mushrooming, ever greater, rapidly expanding, deepening, swelling, ever-widening, burgeoning, heightening.
    * cada vez mejor = from strength to strength.
    * cada vez menor = decreasing, dwindling, diminishing, waning, declining, falling, shrinking, receding, sinking, ebbing, descending.
    * cada vez menos = less and less.
    * cada vez mucho mayor = exploding, fast-increasing.
    * cada vez peor = worsening.
    * cambiar de una vez a otra = change from + time to time, vary + from time to time.
    * cien veces = hundred-fold.
    * cuantas veces se quiera = any number of times.
    * de cada + Número + veces + Número = Número + times out of + Número.
    * demanda cada vez menor = falling demand.
    * demandar cada vez más enérgicamente = build + pressure.
    * demasiadas veces = one too many times.
    * desajuste cada vez mayor entre... y = widening of the gap beween.... and, widening gap between... and.
    * desajuste cada vez menor entre... y = narrowing gap between... and, narrowing of the gap between... and.
    * de una sola vez = once-only, at one pull, at one whack, in one shot, in one lump, in one action, in one go, in one fell swoop, at one fell swoop.
    * de una vez = at one blow, at one time, in one action, in one step, in a single step, at one whack, in a single phase, in one shot, in one fell swoop, at one fell swoop.
    * de una vez por todas = once and for all, once for all.
    * de vez en cuando = from time to time, now and then, now and again, once in a while, every once in a while, at various times, occasionally, off and on, on and off, occasional, every so often, every now and then, every now and again.
    * diez veces = tenfold.
    * diferencia cada vez mayor entre... y = widening of the gap beween.... and, widening gap between... and.
    * diferencia cada vez menor entre... y = narrowing gap between... and.
    * distanciamiento cada vez mayor entre... y = widening gap between... and, widening of the gap beween.... and.
    * dos veces = doubly, twice.
    * dos veces al año = twice yearly [twice-yearly], semiannual [semi-annual].
    * dos veces a la semana = twice-weekly, biweekly [bi-weekly], twice a week.
    * editar varias veces = go into + a number of editions.
    * en la mayoría de las veces = in most cases, mostly.
    * entrada de datos sólo una vez = one-time entry.
    * en un número cada vez mayor = in increasing numbers.
    * en vez de = in place of, instead of, rather than, in lieu of.
    * esta vez = this time around/round, this time.
    * ganar cada vez más importancia = grow from + strength to strength.
    * ganarle la vez a = outdo, trump.
    * guardar Algo para otra vez = save for + a rainy day.
    * hacerse cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.
    * importancia cada vez mayor = growing importance, growing significance.
    * interés cada vez mayor = growing interest.
    * ir cada vez mejor = go from + strength to strength, go from + strength to strength, go + great guns.
    * la mayoría de las veces = most of the time, more often than not.
    * la mayor parte de las veces = more often than not.
    * la primera vez = the first time around.
    * las cosas sólo pasan una vez = lightning never strikes twice.
    * la segunda vez = the second time around.
    * la última vez = last time.
    * la última vez que = the last time.
    * más de una vez = more than once.
    * mostrar por primera vez = premiere.
    * muchas veces = multiple times.
    * muy rara vez = all too seldom, all too seldom, once in a blue moon.
    * ni siquiera una vez = not once (did).
    * ni una sola vez = not once (did).
    * Nombre + por primera vez = Nombre + ever.
    * Número + veces más = Número + times as many.
    * Número + veces más de = Número + times the number of.
    * ocurrir todo a la vez = happen + all at once.
    * Ordinal + vez = Ordinal + time around/round.
    * otra vez = again, once again, once more, redux.
    * pagar dos veces = double-pay.
    * pensárselo dos veces = think + twice.
    * pero a la vez = but then again.
    * población cada vez más envejecida = greying population [graying population].
    * popularidad cada vez mayor = growing popularity.
    * por primera vez = first + Verbo, for the first time, for once.
    * por segunda vez = a second time, the second time around, a second time around.
    * por última vez = for the last time, one last time.
    * pospuesto una y otra vez = ever-postponed.
    * práctica cada vez más frecuente = growing practice.
    * preocupación cada vez mayor (por) = growing concern (about).
    * presupuesto cada vez más pequeño = shrinking budget.
    * presupuesto cada vez menor = shrinking budget.
    * primera vez, la = first time, the.
    * problema cada vez mayor = growing problem.
    * problemas cada vez mayores = mounting problems.
    * próxima vez, la = next time.
    * pruebas cada vez más concluyentes = mounting evidence.
    * que se repite una y otra vez = recurring.
    * que sucede sólo una vez = one-off.
    * que tiene lugar una vez a la semana = once-weekly.
    * rara vez = infrequently, rarely, seldom, uncommonly, on rare occasions.
    * repetidas veces = repeatedly, time after time, time and again, time and time again.
    * separación cada vez mayor entre... y = widening gap between... and.
    * ser cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.
    * si alguna vez lo fue = if it ever was.
    * si es que sucede alguna vez = if ever.
    * sin pensárselo dos veces = without a second thought, spur-of-the-moment, on the spur of the moment, at the drop of a hat.
    * sólo se vive una vez = you only live once.
    * todo a la vez = all at once.
    * todo de una vez = in one lump.
    * tres veces = thrice, three times.
    * una necesidad cada vez mayor = a growing need.
    * una primera y última vez = a first and last time.
    * una segunda vez = a second time around, a second time.
    * una última vez = one last time.
    * una vez = once, one time.
    * una vez al año = annually, once a year.
    * una vez a la semana = once a week.
    * una vez al mes = once a month.
    * una vez cada dos semanas = once a fortnight.
    * una vez cada quincena = once a fortnight.
    * una vez cumplimentado = completed.
    * una vez en la vida = once in a lifetime.
    * una vez en + Posesivo + vida = once in + Posesivo + lifetime.
    * una vez más = again, yet again.
    * una vez + Participio = upon + Nombre.
    * una vez + Participio Pasado = having + Participio Pasado, having + just + Participio Pasado.
    * una vez + Participio Pasado + Nombre = with + Nombre + Participio Pasado.
    * una vez que = when.
    * una vez que + Frase = once + Frase.
    * una vez quincenalmente = once a fortnight.
    * una vez relleno = completed.
    * una y otra vez = over and over, repeatedly, repetitively, time after time, time and time again, again and again, time and again, over and over again.
    * un conjunto cada vez mayor de = a growing body of, a growing body of.
    * un grupo cada vez mayor de = a growing body of, a growing body of.
    * un número cada vez mayor = growing numbers.
    * un número cada vez mayor de = a growing number of, a growing body of.
    * variar de una vez a otra = vary + from time to time.
    * veinte veces = twenty-fold.
    * verificar dos veces = double-check [doublecheck].
    * y a la vez = cum, yet.
    * * *
    1) ( ocasión) time

    una vez/dos veces — once/twice

    una vez por semana/año — once a week/year

    me acuerdo de una/aquella vez cuando... — I remember once/that time when...

    la última/primera vez que lo vi — the last/first time I saw him

    mil veces or miles de veces — a thousand times o thousands of times

    ¿te has arrepentido alguna vez? — have you ever regretted it?

    la de veces or las veces que se lo dije! — the (number of) times I told him!

    érase or había una vez — (liter) once upon a time (liter)

    ¿por qué no lo dejamos para otra vez? — why don't we leave it for another time o day?

    repetidas veces — again and again, time and again

    a mi/tu/su vez — for my/your/his part

    ... quien a su vez depende del director —... who in turn reports to the director

    cada vez — every o each time

    de una vez — ( expresando impaciencia) once and for all; ( simultáneamente) in one go

    de vez en cuando — from time to time, every now and then

    rara vez — seldom, hardly ever

    una vez que hayan terminado — once o when you have finished

    hacer las veces de algo — caja/libro to serve as something; persona to act as something

    3) (Mat)
    4) (Esp) ( turno en una cola)

    ¿quién tiene or me da la vez? — who's last?

    * * *
    = turn, moment.

    Ex: In particular note, for example by ticking them, those terms that merit a turn in the lead position, and those that do not.

    Ex: There were moments when he could be almost affectionate, moments when his thoughts did not seem to be turned inward upon his own anxious solicitudes.
    * a la vez = at once, at one time, at similar times, at the same time, concurrently, side-by-side, simultaneously, at the same instant, in parallel, in tandem, at the one time, in a tandem fashion, at a time, in unison.
    * a la vez que = hand in hand (with), cum, in conjunction with, in unison with.
    * alguna que otra vez = from time to time, every once in a while, occasional, every now and then, every now and again.
    * algunas veces = sometimes, from time to time, occasionally.
    * alguna vez = ever, on any one occasion.
    * aparecer por primera vez = premiere.
    * a su vez = Verbo + further, in turn, in its/their turn.
    * a veces = at times, sometimes, at various times, from time to time, on occasion(s).
    * a veces las cosas salen mal = shit happens.
    * a veces sales jodido = shit happens.
    * búsqueda de varios ficheros a la vez = multi-file searching.
    * cada vez = at a time, each time, every time [everytime].
    * cada vez en mayor grado = ever-increasing.
    * cada vez más = ever-growing, ever-increasing, increasingly, more and more, progressively, ever more, mushrooming, ever greater, in increasing numbers, increasing.
    * cada vez más abultado = swelling.
    * cada vez más + Adjetivo = ever + Adjetivo Comparativo.
    * cada vez más alto = constantly rising, steadily rising, steadily growing.
    * cada vez más amplio = ever-widening.
    * cada vez más extendido = spreading.
    * cada vez más fácil = ever easier.
    * cada vez más lejos = further and further.
    * cada vez más rápido = ever faster.
    * cada vez más restringido = tightening.
    * cada vez más tenue = fading.
    * cada vez más viejo = aging [ageing].
    * cada vez mayor = escalating, ever-growing, ever-increasing, expanded, growing, increasing, mounting, rising, spiralling [spiraling, -USA], rapidly growing, expanding, constantly rising, ever larger [ever-larger], galloping, steadily rising, steadily growing, mushrooming, ever greater, rapidly expanding, deepening, swelling, ever-widening, burgeoning, heightening.
    * cada vez mejor = from strength to strength.
    * cada vez menor = decreasing, dwindling, diminishing, waning, declining, falling, shrinking, receding, sinking, ebbing, descending.
    * cada vez menos = less and less.
    * cada vez mucho mayor = exploding, fast-increasing.
    * cada vez peor = worsening.
    * cambiar de una vez a otra = change from + time to time, vary + from time to time.
    * cien veces = hundred-fold.
    * cuantas veces se quiera = any number of times.
    * de cada + Número + veces + Número = Número + times out of + Número.
    * demanda cada vez menor = falling demand.
    * demandar cada vez más enérgicamente = build + pressure.
    * demasiadas veces = one too many times.
    * desajuste cada vez mayor entre... y = widening of the gap beween.... and, widening gap between... and.
    * desajuste cada vez menor entre... y = narrowing gap between... and, narrowing of the gap between... and.
    * de una sola vez = once-only, at one pull, at one whack, in one shot, in one lump, in one action, in one go, in one fell swoop, at one fell swoop.
    * de una vez = at one blow, at one time, in one action, in one step, in a single step, at one whack, in a single phase, in one shot, in one fell swoop, at one fell swoop.
    * de una vez por todas = once and for all, once for all.
    * de vez en cuando = from time to time, now and then, now and again, once in a while, every once in a while, at various times, occasionally, off and on, on and off, occasional, every so often, every now and then, every now and again.
    * diez veces = tenfold.
    * diferencia cada vez mayor entre... y = widening of the gap beween.... and, widening gap between... and.
    * diferencia cada vez menor entre... y = narrowing gap between... and.
    * distanciamiento cada vez mayor entre... y = widening gap between... and, widening of the gap beween.... and.
    * dos veces = doubly, twice.
    * dos veces al año = twice yearly [twice-yearly], semiannual [semi-annual].
    * dos veces a la semana = twice-weekly, biweekly [bi-weekly], twice a week.
    * editar varias veces = go into + a number of editions.
    * en la mayoría de las veces = in most cases, mostly.
    * entrada de datos sólo una vez = one-time entry.
    * en un número cada vez mayor = in increasing numbers.
    * en vez de = in place of, instead of, rather than, in lieu of.
    * esta vez = this time around/round, this time.
    * ganar cada vez más importancia = grow from + strength to strength.
    * ganarle la vez a = outdo, trump.
    * guardar Algo para otra vez = save for + a rainy day.
    * hacerse cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.
    * importancia cada vez mayor = growing importance, growing significance.
    * interés cada vez mayor = growing interest.
    * ir cada vez mejor = go from + strength to strength, go from + strength to strength, go + great guns.
    * la mayoría de las veces = most of the time, more often than not.
    * la mayor parte de las veces = more often than not.
    * la primera vez = the first time around.
    * las cosas sólo pasan una vez = lightning never strikes twice.
    * la segunda vez = the second time around.
    * la última vez = last time.
    * la última vez que = the last time.
    * más de una vez = more than once.
    * mostrar por primera vez = premiere.
    * muchas veces = multiple times.
    * muy rara vez = all too seldom, all too seldom, once in a blue moon.
    * ni siquiera una vez = not once (did).
    * ni una sola vez = not once (did).
    * Nombre + por primera vez = Nombre + ever.
    * Número + veces más = Número + times as many.
    * Número + veces más de = Número + times the number of.
    * ocurrir todo a la vez = happen + all at once.
    * Ordinal + vez = Ordinal + time around/round.
    * otra vez = again, once again, once more, redux.
    * pagar dos veces = double-pay.
    * pensárselo dos veces = think + twice.
    * pero a la vez = but then again.
    * población cada vez más envejecida = greying population [graying population].
    * popularidad cada vez mayor = growing popularity.
    * por primera vez = first + Verbo, for the first time, for once.
    * por segunda vez = a second time, the second time around, a second time around.
    * por última vez = for the last time, one last time.
    * pospuesto una y otra vez = ever-postponed.
    * práctica cada vez más frecuente = growing practice.
    * preocupación cada vez mayor (por) = growing concern (about).
    * presupuesto cada vez más pequeño = shrinking budget.
    * presupuesto cada vez menor = shrinking budget.
    * primera vez, la = first time, the.
    * problema cada vez mayor = growing problem.
    * problemas cada vez mayores = mounting problems.
    * próxima vez, la = next time.
    * pruebas cada vez más concluyentes = mounting evidence.
    * que se repite una y otra vez = recurring.
    * que sucede sólo una vez = one-off.
    * que tiene lugar una vez a la semana = once-weekly.
    * rara vez = infrequently, rarely, seldom, uncommonly, on rare occasions.
    * repetidas veces = repeatedly, time after time, time and again, time and time again.
    * separación cada vez mayor entre... y = widening gap between... and.
    * ser cada vez más importante = increase in + importance.
    * si alguna vez lo fue = if it ever was.
    * si es que sucede alguna vez = if ever.
    * sin pensárselo dos veces = without a second thought, spur-of-the-moment, on the spur of the moment, at the drop of a hat.
    * sólo se vive una vez = you only live once.
    * todo a la vez = all at once.
    * todo de una vez = in one lump.
    * tres veces = thrice, three times.
    * una necesidad cada vez mayor = a growing need.
    * una primera y última vez = a first and last time.
    * una segunda vez = a second time around, a second time.
    * una última vez = one last time.
    * una vez = once, one time.
    * una vez al año = annually, once a year.
    * una vez a la semana = once a week.
    * una vez al mes = once a month.
    * una vez cada dos semanas = once a fortnight.
    * una vez cada quincena = once a fortnight.
    * una vez cumplimentado = completed.
    * una vez en la vida = once in a lifetime.
    * una vez en + Posesivo + vida = once in + Posesivo + lifetime.
    * una vez más = again, yet again.
    * una vez + Participio = upon + Nombre.
    * una vez + Participio Pasado = having + Participio Pasado, having + just + Participio Pasado.
    * una vez + Participio Pasado + Nombre = with + Nombre + Participio Pasado.
    * una vez que = when.
    * una vez que + Frase = once + Frase.
    * una vez quincenalmente = once a fortnight.
    * una vez relleno = completed.
    * una y otra vez = over and over, repeatedly, repetitively, time after time, time and time again, again and again, time and again, over and over again.
    * un conjunto cada vez mayor de = a growing body of, a growing body of.
    * un grupo cada vez mayor de = a growing body of, a growing body of.
    * un número cada vez mayor = growing numbers.
    * un número cada vez mayor de = a growing number of, a growing body of.
    * variar de una vez a otra = vary + from time to time.
    * veinte veces = twenty-fold.
    * verificar dos veces = double-check [doublecheck].
    * y a la vez = cum, yet.

    * * *
    A (ocasión) time
    lo leí una vez/dos veces/tres veces I read it once/twice/three times
    una vez por semana/año once a week/year
    me acuerdo de una/aquella vez cuando … I remember once/that time when …
    es la última vez que te lo pido I'm not going to ask you again
    ésa fue la última vez que lo vi that was the last time I saw him
    se lo he dicho mil veces or miles de veces I've told him a thousand times o thousands of times
    alguna vez me he sentido tentada there have been times o there has been the odd time when I've been tempted
    algunas veces me dan ganas de dejarlo at times o sometimes I feel like leaving him, there are times when I feel like leaving him
    ¿alguna vez te has arrepentido? have you ever regretted it?
    ¡la de veces or las veces que le dije que no lo hiciera! the (number of) times I told him not to do it!
    érase or había una vez ( liter); once upon a time ( liter)
    por primera vez for the first time
    no es la primera vez que sucede it's not the first time it's happened
    ¡cuéntamelo otra vez! tell me again!
    ¿por qué no lo dejamos para otra vez? why don't we leave it for another time o day?
    me lo he preguntado repetidas veces I've asked myself again and again o time and again
    por enésima vez for the umpteenth time
    por esta vez pase we'll forget it this time
    la próxima vez lo haces tú next time you can do it
    no nos tocó nada — bueno, otra vez será … we didn't get anything — never mind, maybe next time o there's always next time
    una vez más se salió con la suya once again she got her own way
    agradeciéndole una vez más su cooperación ( Corresp) thanking you once again o once more for your cooperation
    las más de las veces llega tarde he's late more often than not
    B ( en locs):
    a la vez at the same time
    todos hablaban a la vez they were all talking at once o at the same time
    a mi/tu/su vez for my/your/his part
    el gobernador, a su vez, agregó que … the governor, for his part, added that …
    luego hay un jefe de sección que a su vez depende del director de ventas then there's a head of department who in turn reports to the sales director
    a veces sometimes
    a veces me pregunto si no tendrá razón sometimes I wonder o there are times when I wonder if she might be right
    cada vez: cada vez que viene nos peleamos every time o whenever he comes we fight, we always fight when he comes
    este método se está utilizando cada vez más this method is being used increasingly o more and more
    lo encuentro cada vez más viejo he looks older every time I see him
    se nota cada vez menos it's becoming less and less noticeable
    cada vez es más difícil encontrar trabajo it's getting more and more difficult o it's getting increasingly difficult to find work
    ¡a ver si se callan de una vez! once and for all, will you be quiet!
    a ver si solucionamos este problema de una vez (por todas) let's see if we can solve this problem once and for all
    apagó todas las velas de una vez she blew out all the candles in one go
    de vez en cuando from time to time, now and again, every now and then
    en vez de instead of
    en vez de ayudar molesta instead of helping he gets in the way
    rara vez rarely, seldom, hardly ever
    rara vez se equivoca she hardly ever o seldom o rarely makes a mistake
    una vez once
    una vez transcurridos dos años once two years have passed, after two years
    una vez frío, cubrir con mayonesa once o when cool, cover with mayonnaise
    una vez que hayan terminado se pueden retirar once o when you have finished you may leave
    hacer las veces de algo «caja/libro» to serve as sth;
    «persona» to act as sth
    una vez al año no hace daño once in a while doesn't do any harm
    tal3 adv B. (↑ tal (3))
    C ( Mat):
    cabe una vez y sobran dos it goes once and two left over
    diez veces más grande que la nuestra ten times bigger than ours
    D
    ( Esp) (turno en una cola): ¿quién tiene or me da la vez? who's last in line ( AmE) o ( BrE) in the queue?
    hay que pedir la vez you have to ask who's last
    * * *

     

    vez sustantivo femenino
    1 ( ocasión) time;
    ◊ una vez/dos veces once/twice;

    una vez por semana once a week;
    me acuerdo de una/aquella vez cuando … I remember once/that time when …;
    la última vez que lo vi the last time I saw him;
    mil veces or miles de veces a thousand times, thousands of times;
    algunas veces sometimes;
    ¿te has arrepentido alguna vez? have you ever regretted it?;
    érase una vez (liter) once upon a time (liter);
    por primera vez for the first time;
    otra vez again;
    déjalo para otra vez leave it for another time o day;
    otra vez será maybe next time;
    una vez más once again
    2 ( en locs)

    a veces sometimes;
    cada vez every o each time;
    cada vez más more and more;
    lo encuentro cada vez más viejo he looks older every time I see him;
    cada vez menos less and less;
    de una vez ( expresando impaciencia) once and for all;

    ( simultáneamente) in one go;

    en vez de instead of;
    rara vez seldom, hardly ever;
    una vez once;
    una vez que hayas terminado once o when you have finished
    3 (Esp) ( turno en una cola): ¿quién tiene or me da la vez? who's last?;

    vez f (pl veces)
    1 (ocasión, tiempo en que sucede algo) time
    una vez, once
    dos veces, twice
    tres veces seguidas, three times running
    a veces/algunas veces, sometimes ➣ Ver nota en sometimes; a la vez, at the same time
    cada vez, every o each time
    cada vez más/cada vez menos, more and more/less and less
    de vez en cuando/de vez en vez/alguna que otra vez, from time to time o every now and then
    de una vez, (sin interrupción) in one go
    (expresando impaciencia) ¡terminemos de una vez!, let's have done with it!
    de una vez por todas/de una vez para siempre, once and for all
    en vez de, instead of
    otra vez, again
    otra vez será, maybe next time
    rara vez, seldom, rarely
    te lo he dicho repetidas veces, I've told you time after time
    una y otra vez, time and (time) again
    érase o había una vez..., once upon a time there was...
    tal vez, perhaps, maybe ➣ Ver nota en maybe 2 Mat 4 veces 6, 4 times 6
    3 (funcionar como algo) hacer las veces de, to act as, serve as
    4 (turno en una cola, etc) turn
    ' vez' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    A
    - alguna
    - alguno
    - asomar
    - cada
    - conocer
    - contigo
    - cuando
    - definitivamente
    - dejarse
    - día
    - enésima
    - enésimo
    - escachifollarse
    - excusa
    - gallina
    - haber
    - historiada
    - historiado
    - jamás
    - jurarse
    - más
    - menos
    - mientras
    - ni
    - par
    - para
    - pegarse
    - poltrona
    - repetirse
    - reventa
    - sobria
    - sobrio
    - sola
    - solo
    - solventar
    - tabla
    - tacada
    - tal
    - año
    - aplazamiento
    - aplazar
    - bueno
    - callar
    - estrenar
    - finalizar
    - golpe
    - intentar
    - mejor
    - mes
    English:
    A
    - again
    - agent
    - amazing
    - and
    - anew
    - annoy
    - be
    - better
    - busy signal
    - butt in
    - card
    - circle
    - clean
    - clog up
    - consider
    - day
    - deserve
    - dig out
    - do
    - downhill
    - each
    - elapse
    - election
    - ever
    - every
    - expect
    - first
    - first-time
    - flower
    - for
    - goings-on
    - goof
    - growing
    - herself
    - himself
    - hundredth
    - increasingly
    - instead
    - last
    - less
    - lieu
    - lifetime
    - maybe
    - misspell
    - monthly
    - more
    - neither
    - never
    - next
    * * *
    vez nf
    1. [ocasión] time;
    ¿te acuerdas de una vez (en) que fuimos a pescar? do you remember that time we went fishing?;
    ¿has estado allí alguna vez? have you ever been there?;
    hay veces (en) que es mejor callarse there are times when o sometimes it's better to keep quiet;
    a mi/tu/su vez: él a su vez se lo dijo a su mujer he, in turn, told his wife;
    yo a mi vez haré lo que pueda I, for my part, will do whatever I can;
    a la vez at the same time;
    a la vez podríamos hacer la compra we could do the shopping at the same time;
    así a la vez que leo, estudio this way, while I'm reading, I'm also studying;
    de una (sola) vez in one go;
    de una vez (para siempre o [m5] por todas) once and for all;
    ¡cállate de una vez! why don't you just shut up!;
    vete de una vez just go, for heaven's sake;
    érase una vez once upon a time;
    ha llamado otra vez she called again;
    déjalo para otra vez leave it for another time;
    otra vez será maybe next time;
    por enésima vez for the umpteenth time;
    por esta vez pase I'll let you off this time o just this once;
    por primera vez, por vez primera for the first time;
    por última vez for the last time;
    Formal
    toda vez que since;
    una vez más once again;
    una vez que hayas terminado once you've finished;
    una vez dorada la carne…, una vez que la carne está dorada… once the meat is golden brown…
    2. [para expresar frecuencia]
    una vez once;
    una vez al día/mes once a day/month;
    dos veces twice;
    tres veces three times;
    te lo he dicho muchas/mil veces I've told you many/a thousand times;
    alguna que otra vez occasionally;
    a veces, algunas veces sometimes, at times;
    cada vez every time;
    cada vez que lo veo every time (that) I see him;
    cada vez más more and more;
    cada vez menos less and less;
    cada vez la veo más/menos feliz she seems happier and happier/less and less happy;
    resulta cada vez más difícil it's getting harder and harder;
    de vez en cuando from time to time, now and again;
    muy de vez en cuando very occasionally;
    muchas veces [con frecuencia] often;
    pocas veces rarely, seldom;
    rara vez rarely, seldom;
    repetidas veces repeatedly, time and again;
    una y otra vez time and again
    3. [substitución]
    en vez de instead of;
    en vez de trabajar tanto deberías salir un poco más you should go out more instead of working so hard;
    hacer las veces de [persona] to act as;
    [objeto, aparato, mueble] to serve as
    4. [en multiplicaciones, divisiones] time;
    es tres veces mayor it's three times as big;
    estas pilas producen diez veces más energía que las normales these batteries produce ten times as much energy as ordinary ones
    5. [turno] turn;
    ¿quién da o [m5] lleva la vez? who's the last in the Br queue o US line?;
    voy a pedir la vez I'm going to ask who's last
    * * *
    f
    1 time;
    a la vez at the same time;
    ¿cuántas veces? how many times?, how often?;
    esta vez this time;
    la otra vez the other time;
    otra vez será some other time;
    cada vez que every time that;
    de vez en cuando from time to time;
    otra vez again;
    una vez once;
    érase una vez once upon a time, there was;
    una vez no cuenta just once doesn’t count o matter;
    una vez más once again;
    una vez que hayamos llegado … once we’ve arrived …;
    de una vez para siempre once and for all;
    una y otra vez time and time again;
    a veces sometimes;
    ninguna vez never;
    rara vez seldom, rarely;
    tantas veces so many times, so often;
    varias veces several times;
    de una sola vez in just one shot;
    por primera vez for the first time;
    2 ( turno)
    :
    es mi vez it’s my turn
    3
    :
    hacer las veces de de objeto serve as; de persona act as;
    tal vez perhaps, maybe;
    a su vez for his/her part;
    en vez de instead of
    * * *
    vez nf, pl veces
    1) : time, occasion
    a la vez: at the same time
    a veces: at times, occasionally
    de vez en cuando: from time to time
    2) (with numbers) : time
    una vez: once
    de una vez: all at once
    de una vez para siempre: once and for all
    dos veces: twice
    3) : turn
    a su vez: in turn
    en vez de: instead of
    hacer las veces de: to act as, to stand in for
    * * *
    vez n
    1. (en general) time
    2. (turno) turn
    a la vez at the same time / at once

    Spanish-English dictionary > vez

  • 5 rápidamente

    adv.
    rapidly, in a hurry, hurriedly, fast.
    * * *
    1 quickly
    * * *
    ADV fast, quickly
    * * *
    adverbio quickly
    * * *
    = promptly, quickly, rapidly, readily, speedily, swiftly, expeditiously, out of + Posesivo + head, as a matter of urgency.
    Ex. Significantly, however, Panizzi's rules did not prove as viable as did his ideology, and they were promptly and materially changed and recast by his most ardent admirers and followers.
    Ex. A large number of documents can be indexed quickly and cheaply.
    Ex. The array of data bases available through one or other of the online hosts is rapidly expanding.
    Ex. However, this does not in itself make the actual resources readily available.
    Ex. Many people working on code revision and a lot of our catalogers are well aware of the desirability of getting catalog data distributed speedily.
    Ex. The retrieval power of an n-dimensional matrix catalog is so much greater that the user needs to have only a relatively small amount of information about a book to retrieve the entry swiftly and accurately.
    Ex. So it's to your advantage, at least from their standpoint, to order by ISBN so that they can more expeditiously fulfill your order.
    Ex. Their problems are never so simple that the librarian can produce the answers out of his head.
    Ex. Piracy should be tackled as a matter of urgency.
    ----
    * cambiar rápidamente = jump.
    * cambiarse rápidamente = slip into + Posesivo + clothes.
    * consumir rápidamente = devour.
    * decir rápidamente sin parar = rattle off.
    * dirigirse rápidamente hacia = make + haste towards.
    * entrar rápidamente en = whisk into.
    * estar convirtiéndose rápidamente = be fast becoming.
    * hacer Algo rápidamente = put together.
    * hacer rápidamente = rustle up.
    * hojear rápidamente = flick.
    * leer rápidamente por encima = skim through.
    * mirar rápidamente = shoot + a look at.
    * muy rápidamente = like a house on fire, in short order.
    * pasar de largo rápidamente = race + past.
    * pasar por alto rápidamente = race + past.
    * pasar rápidamente = run through, sweep by, sweep, flash across.
    * pasar rápidamente a = snap to.
    * pasar rápidamente por encima de = sweep across, swing over.
    * ponerse la ropa rápidamente = slip into + Posesivo + clothes.
    * preparar rápidamente = rustle up.
    * que avanza rápidamente = fast-moving, fast-developing.
    * que progresa rápidamente = fast-moving.
    * rápidamente + Indicativo = be quick to + Infinitivo.
    * responder rápidamente = shoot back.
    * sacar rápidamente = whip out.
    * * *
    adverbio quickly
    * * *
    = promptly, quickly, rapidly, readily, speedily, swiftly, expeditiously, out of + Posesivo + head, as a matter of urgency.

    Ex: Significantly, however, Panizzi's rules did not prove as viable as did his ideology, and they were promptly and materially changed and recast by his most ardent admirers and followers.

    Ex: A large number of documents can be indexed quickly and cheaply.
    Ex: The array of data bases available through one or other of the online hosts is rapidly expanding.
    Ex: However, this does not in itself make the actual resources readily available.
    Ex: Many people working on code revision and a lot of our catalogers are well aware of the desirability of getting catalog data distributed speedily.
    Ex: The retrieval power of an n-dimensional matrix catalog is so much greater that the user needs to have only a relatively small amount of information about a book to retrieve the entry swiftly and accurately.
    Ex: So it's to your advantage, at least from their standpoint, to order by ISBN so that they can more expeditiously fulfill your order.
    Ex: Their problems are never so simple that the librarian can produce the answers out of his head.
    Ex: Piracy should be tackled as a matter of urgency.
    * cambiar rápidamente = jump.
    * cambiarse rápidamente = slip into + Posesivo + clothes.
    * consumir rápidamente = devour.
    * decir rápidamente sin parar = rattle off.
    * dirigirse rápidamente hacia = make + haste towards.
    * entrar rápidamente en = whisk into.
    * estar convirtiéndose rápidamente = be fast becoming.
    * hacer Algo rápidamente = put together.
    * hacer rápidamente = rustle up.
    * hojear rápidamente = flick.
    * leer rápidamente por encima = skim through.
    * mirar rápidamente = shoot + a look at.
    * muy rápidamente = like a house on fire, in short order.
    * pasar de largo rápidamente = race + past.
    * pasar por alto rápidamente = race + past.
    * pasar rápidamente = run through, sweep by, sweep, flash across.
    * pasar rápidamente a = snap to.
    * pasar rápidamente por encima de = sweep across, swing over.
    * ponerse la ropa rápidamente = slip into + Posesivo + clothes.
    * preparar rápidamente = rustle up.
    * que avanza rápidamente = fast-moving, fast-developing.
    * que progresa rápidamente = fast-moving.
    * rápidamente + Indicativo = be quick to + Infinitivo.
    * responder rápidamente = shoot back.
    * sacar rápidamente = whip out.

    * * *
    quickly
    hay que hacerlo lo más rápidamente posible it has to be done as quickly o swiftly as possible
    se cambió rápidamente y salió he quickly changed his clothes and went out
    lo leyó rápidamente she read it quickly
    * * *

    rápidamente adverbio
    quickly
    ' rápidamente' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    ascender
    - proceder
    English:
    buck
    - burgeon
    - dart
    - depreciate
    - dive
    - down
    - downhill
    - escalate
    - fast
    - flash
    - flick
    - grow
    - mushroom
    - quickly
    - rapidly
    - recovery
    - run up
    - rush
    - shoot
    - shoot out
    - snowball
    - speed
    - speedily
    - sprout
    - sweep
    - swiftly
    - throw off
    - throw together
    - throw up
    - toss off
    - whip
    - whip back
    - whip off
    - whip through
    - whip up
    - zip
    - zoom in
    - dodge
    - duck
    - hurry
    - jot
    - move
    - quick
    - run
    - scribble
    - scuttle
    - sear
    - slap
    - throw
    - whirl
    * * *
    quickly
    * * *
    rápidamente adv fast / quickly / rapidly

    Spanish-English dictionary > rápidamente

  • 6 Historical Portugal

       Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.
       A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.
       Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140
       The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."
       In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.
       The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.
       Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385
       Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims in
       Portugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.
       The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.
       Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580
       The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.
       The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.
       What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.
       By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.
       Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.
       The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.
       By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.
       In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.
       Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640
       Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.
       Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.
       On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.
       Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822
       Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.
       Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.
       In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and the
       Church (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.
       Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.
       Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.
       Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910
       During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.
       Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.
       Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.
       Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.
       Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.
       As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.
       First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26
       Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.
       The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.
       Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.
       The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74
       During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."
       Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.
       For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),
       and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.
       The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.
       With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.
       During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.
       The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.
       At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.
       The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.
       Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76
       Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.
       Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.
       In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.
       In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.
       In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.
       The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict until
       UN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.
       Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000
       After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.
       From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.
       Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.
       Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.
       In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.
       In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.
       Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.
       Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.
       The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.
       Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.
       Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).
       All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.
       The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.
       After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.
       Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.
       Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.
       From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.
       Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.
       In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.
       An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Historical Portugal

  • 7 modo

    m.
    1 way (manera, forma).
    ¿has visto el modo en que o el modo como te mira? have you seen how o the way he's looking at you?
    no encuentro el modo de dejar el tabaco whatever I do, I just can't seem to give up smoking
    a modo de as, by way of
    al modo de in the style of
    de ese modo in that way
    de ningún modo in no way
    de todos modos in any case, anyway
    de un modo u otro one way or another
    en cierto modo in some ways
    modo de empleo instructions for use
    ¿de modo que no te gusta? so, you don't like it (then)?
    2 mood (grammar).
    modo adverbial adverbial phrase
    3 mode, brand, manner, way.
    4 grammar mood, mood.
    * * *
    1 way, manner
    1 manners
    \
    a modo de as a, like a
    de todos modos anyhow, at any rate
    en cierto modo in a way
    modo de empleo instructions plural
    modo de ser character
    * * *
    noun m.
    1) way, manner
    2) mode
    3) mood
    •
    - de modo que
    - de todos modos
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=manera) way, manner frm

    ¿no hay otro modo de hacerlo? — isn't there another way of doing it?

    a mi modo de pensar o ver — in my view, the way I see it

    see MANERA, FORMA, MODO
    2) [locuciones]

    • a mi/tu modo — (in) my/your (own) way

    • a modo de — as

    a modo de ejemplo/respuesta — by way of example/reply

    • en cierto modo — in a way, to a certain extent

    • de cualquier modo — [antes de verbo] anyway, in any case; (=después de verbo) anyhow

    de cualquier modo, ahora tenemos que irnos — we have to go now anyway o in any case

    hazlo de cualquier modo — do it anyway you like, do it anyhow, do it any old how *

    • de modo + adj —

    eso nos afectará de modo directo — this will have a direct effect on us, this will affect us directly

    • de ese modo — [antes de verbo] (in) this way; [después de verbo] like that

    • grosso modo — broadly speaking

    esa fue, grosso modo, la contestación que nos dio — broadly speaking, that was the answer he gave us

    • de mal modo — rudely

    • del mismo o de igual modo — in the same way

    todos van vestidos del mismo o de igual modo — they are all dressed the same o in the same way

    • de ningún modo o en modo alguno, no quiero de ningún modo o en modo alguno implicarla en esto — I don't want to involve her in this in any way

    ¡de ningún modo! — certainly not!, no way! *

    • de todos modos — anyway, all the same, in any case

    aunque no me dejes, me iré de todos modos — even if you don't let me, I'll go anyway o all the same o in any case

    aunque lo esperaba, de todos modos me sorprendió — even though I was expecting it, I was still surprised

    3)

    • de modo que — [antes de verbo] so; [después de verbo] so that

    ¡de modo que eras tú el que llamaba! — so it was you that was calling!

    4) Esp frm (=moderación) moderation
    5) LAm

    ¡ni modo! — (=de ninguna manera) no way *, not a chance *; (=no hay otra alternativa) what else can I/you etc do?

    si no me quieres, ni modo — if you don't love me, what else can I do?

    6) pl modos (=modales) manners

    • buenos modos — good manners

    • malos modos — bad manners

    7) (Ling) [del verbo] mood

    de modo — manner antes de s

    8) (Inform) mode
    9) (Mús) mode

    modo mayor/menor — major/minor mode

    * * *
    1)
    a) (manera, forma) way, manner (frml)

    a mi modo de ver — to my way of thinking, in my opinion

    modo de empleo — instructions for use, directions

    me lo pidió de muy mal modo — (AmL) she asked me (for it) very rudely

    a mi/tu/su modo — (in) my/your/his (own) way

    a modo de: se puso una manta a modo de poncho he put a blanket round his shoulders like a poncho; a modo de introducción by way of introduction; de cualquier modo ( de todas formas) (indep) in any case, anyway; ( sin cuidado) anyhow; del mismo or de igual modo que just as, in the same way (that); de modo que ( así que) so; ( para que) (+ subj) so that; ¿de modo que se van? so they're going, are they?; de modo que se vean desde aquí so that they can be seen from here; de ningún modo no way; de ningún modo puedo aceptar there's no way I can accept; de todos modos anyway, anyhow; en cierto modo in a way; ni modo (AmL exc CS fam): ¿pudieron entrar? - no, ni modo did they get in? - no, no way (colloq); traté de persuadirlo pero ni modo I tried to persuade him but it was no good; ni modo, yo soy como soy that's tough o too bad, I am the way I am (colloq); ni modo que te quedes aquí — there's no way you're staying here (colloq)

    2) modos masculino plural ( modales) manners (pl)

    con buenos/malos modos — politely/rudely o impolitely

    3) (Ling) mood
    4) (Mús) mode
    * * *
    = approach [approaches, -pl.], avenue, guise, means, mode, way, manner, fashion.
    Ex. During the last twenty years the variety of approaches to the organisation of knowledge has proliferated with the introduction of computer-based methods.
    Ex. In the attempt to match the above criteria, there are two fundamentally distinct avenues to the construction of the schedules of a classification scheme.
    Ex. In various guises, the basic concepts have found application in the design of a number of special classification schemes.
    Ex. The easiest means of illustrating some of the foregoing points is to introduce in outline some special classification schemes.
    Ex. Various modes of operation are possible for such a journal, and the precise operation will depend upon the type of information being conveyed.
    Ex. They are likely to influence the future function of DC, and the way in which the scheme will evolve, but since there will be a continuing need for shelf arrangement, DC will remain necessary.
    Ex. City planning is a body of techniques and theories for co-ordinative decision-making which tries to distribute the community's resources in a manner which will best achieve the community's specific goals, whatever they may be = El urbanismo es un conjunto de técnicas y teorías para la toma coordinada de decisiones que intenta distribuir los recursos de la comunidad de tal forma que se consigan mejor los objetivos específicos de ésta, sean cuales sean.
    Ex. It was on the tip of his tongue to say: 'Must you speak to me in this uncivilized fashion?' But he discreetly forbore.
    ----
    * actuar de otro modo = do + otherwise.
    * actuar de un modo despiadado = play + hardball.
    * actuar de un modo diferente = strike out on + a different path.
    * actuar de un modo implacable = play + hardball.
    * actuar de un modo independiente = go it alone.
    * actuar de un modo intransigente = play + hardball.
    * adverbio de modo = adverb of mode.
    * a groso modo = crudely.
    * a grosso modo = roughly, rough draft.
    * al actuar de este modo = by so doing, in so doing, by doing so.
    * al modo de = a la.
    * a mi modo de ver = in my books.
    * a modo de = by way of, in the vein of, as a kind of.
    * a modo de aclaración = in parenthesis, on a sidenote.
    * a modo de advertencia = cautionary.
    * a modo de ejemplo = by way of illustration.
    * a modo de explicación = parenthetically.
    * a modo de ilustración = by way of illustration.
    * a modo de inciso = in passing, by the way of (a) digression.
    * a modo de paréntesis = parenthetical.
    * a modo de prólogo = prefatory.
    * a modo de resumen = wrap-up.
    * analizar de un modo imparcial = take + a cool look at.
    * andar de un modo pausado = stroll + at a leisurely pace.
    * artículo a modo de réplica = rebuttal article.
    * así como... de igual modo... = just as... so....
    * avecinarse de un modo amenazador = loom + large on the horizon.
    * buscar el modo de = explore + ways in which, explore + ways and means of.
    * como un modo de = as a way of.
    * conocer de algún modo = know + on some grounds.
    * crecer de modo exhuberante = grow + rampant.
    * de algún modo = in any way [in anyway], somehow, after a fashion, in some form, some way.
    * de algún modo + Adjetivo = otherwise + Adjetivo.
    * de algún modo u otro = of some sort.
    * decir Algo de un modo colérico = flame out.
    * decir de un modo enfadado = spit out.
    * de cualquier modo = however, either way.
    * de diferente modo = differently.
    * de ese modo = in doing so, in this,, thereby.
    * de este modo = by so doing, by this means, in so doing, in this fashion, in this manner, thereby, this way, thus, this way round, in this way, by doing so, in these ways, this is how, in doing so.
    * definir de un modo predeterminado e inamovible = hardwire [hard wire].
    * de igual modo = alike, equally, in like fashion, in like vein.
    * de igual modo que = just as, just as well... as..., along the lines of, on the lines (of).
    * del mejor modo posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * del mismo modo = exactly, in the same vein, by the same token.
    * del mismo modo que = as, in the form that, in the same way (as), in the same way that, just as, in the same manner (as), along the lines, after the fashion of, similar to, in common with.
    * del otro modo = the other way (a)round.
    * de modo + Adjetivo = on a + Adjetivo + basis.
    * de modo agresivo = aggressively.
    * de modo alarmante = alarmingly.
    * de modo alternativo = alternatively.
    * de modo altivo = superciliously, haughtily.
    * de modo apreciable = to an appreciable extent.
    * de modo caprichoso = capriciously.
    * de modo censurable = reprehensibly.
    * de modo claro = transparently.
    * de modo comercial = on a commercial basis.
    * de modo competitivo = competitively.
    * de modo complementario = complimentarily.
    * de modo conjunto con = in partnership with.
    * de modo considerable = to a considerable extent.
    * de modo convincente = cogently, unconvincingly.
    * de modo decisivo = decisively.
    * de modo desastroso = disastrously.
    * de modo desconcertante = bewilderingly.
    * de modo divertido = funnily.
    * de modo egoísta = selfishly.
    * de modo errático = erratically.
    * de modo especulativo = speculatively.
    * de modo estructurado = in a structured fashion.
    * de modo fácil = with the tip of a hat.
    * de modo gracioso = funnily.
    * de modo gratuito = on a complimentary basis.
    * de modo heurístico = heuristically.
    * de modo humorístico = in a humorous vein.
    * de modo imaginativo = imaginatively.
    * de modo inconfundible = unmistakably.
    * de modo individual = on a case-by-case basis.
    * de modo inequívoco = unambiguously.
    * de modo inesperado = like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.
    * de modo informal = informally.
    * de modo ininterrumpido = in an unbroken line.
    * de modo insinuante = suggestively.
    * de modo irregular = erratically.
    * de modo irritante = annoyingly.
    * de modo pesimista = gloomily.
    * de modo poco imaginativo = unimaginatively.
    * de modo provocativo = suggestively.
    * de modo que = so.
    * de modo que + poder + oír = within earshot of.
    * de modo raro = funnily.
    * de modo recíproco = reciprocally.
    * de modo reprobatorio = reprovingly, reproachfully.
    * de modos diversos = variously.
    * de modos extraños = funnily.
    * de modo sorprendente = shockingly.
    * de modo tal que = so much so that.
    * demostrar de un modo contundente = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.
    * de ningún modo = by no means, in no way, on no account, in no sense, by any means, not at all, under no/any circumstances, in any shape or form, for the life of me, not on any account, by no stretch of the imagination.
    * de nuevos modos = in new ways.
    * de otro modo = conversely.
    * de qué modo = by what means.
    * de tal modo que = in such a way that, so.
    * de tal modo que raya en lo ridículo = ridiculously.
    * de tal modo que + Subjuntivo = in such a way as to + Infinitivo.
    * de todos modos = at any rate.
    * de un mod discreto = unobtrusively.
    * de un modo = in a fashion.
    * de un modo absorto = absently.
    * de un modo aburrido y pesado = tediously.
    * de un modo acalorado = hotly.
    * de un modo adecuado = appropriately, fitly.
    * de un modo + Adjetivo = in + Adjetivo + fashion, in + Adjetivo + measure, in a + Adjetivo + manner, in + Adjetivo + manner, on a + Adjetivo + scale, to a + Adjetivo + degree, in a + Adjetivo + vein.
    * de un modo afirmativo = affirmatively.
    * de un modo ahorrativo = thriftily.
    * de un modo aleatorio = at random.
    * de un modo anafórico = anaphorically.
    * de un modo anárquico = anarchically.
    * de un modo anodino = prosaically.
    * de un modo antieconómico = wastefully.
    * de un modo apropiado = fitly, appropriately.
    * de un modo aprovechado = opportunistically.
    * de un modo atractivo = appealingly.
    * de un modo auténtico = authentically.
    * de un modo barato = inexpensively, thriftily.
    * de un modo bochornoso = shamefully.
    * de un modo cansado = wearily.
    * de un modo caro = expensively + Participio.
    * de un modo casual = in a by-the-way fashion.
    * de un modo chirriante = jarringly.
    * de un modo chocante = jarringly.
    * de un modo compacto = compactly.
    * de un modo concluyente = positively.
    * de un modo conservador = conservatively.
    * de un modo constante = on an ongoing basis.
    * de un modo constructivo = constructively.
    * de un modo convincente = convincingly, forcibly.
    * de un modo coordinado = synergistically.
    * de un modo crítico = critically.
    * de un modo decepcionante = disappointedly.
    * de un modo desconcertado = disconcertedly.
    * de un modo descontrolado = uncontrollably.
    * de un modo desenfadado = playfully.
    * de un modo deshonesto = dishonestly.
    * de un modo desordenado = higgledy-piggledy.
    * de un modo devastador = devastatingly.
    * de un modo diferente = differentially.
    * de un modo discreto = quietly.
    * de un modo disonante = jarringly.
    * de un modo económico = economically, thriftily.
    * de un modo elegante = elegantly.
    * de un modo encantador = charmingly.
    * de un modo engorroso = awkwardly, cumbrously.
    * de un modo equivalente = equivalently.
    * de un modo espectacular = spectacularly.
    * de un modo estrafalario = freakishly.
    * de un modo exhaustivo = comprehensively, in depth, exhaustively.
    * de un modo extraño = freakishly.
    * de un modo fiable = reliably.
    * de un modo flexible = flexibly.
    * de un modo fortuito = haphazardly.
    * de un modo fraudulento = fraudulently.
    * de un modo gradual = incrementally.
    * de un modo habitual = as a matter of routine.
    * de un modo heterogéneo = heterogeneously [heterogenously].
    * de un modo holístico = holistically.
    * de un modo imparcial = impartially.
    * de un modo impreciso = fuzzily.
    * de un modo impresionante = impressively.
    * de un modo impulsivo = impulsively.
    * de un modo incidental = incidentally.
    * de un modo incómodo = awkwardly, cumbrously.
    * de un modo incompetente = inefficiently.
    * de un modo incompleto = incompletely.
    * de un modo inconsistente = vagrantly.
    * de un modo incorrecto = inaccurately.
    * de un modo indiferente = regardless.
    * de un modo inductivo = inductively.
    * de un modo innovador = innovatively.
    * de un modo insolente = defiantly.
    * de un modo insulso = prosaically.
    * de un modo inteligente = intelligently.
    * de un modo interesante = interestingly.
    * de un modo intermitente = in bursts.
    * de un modo lógico = logically.
    * de un modo malsonante = jarringly.
    * de un modo matemático = mathematically.
    * de un modo mecánico = mechanically.
    * de un modo meditabundo = pensively.
    * de un modo molesto = annoyingly.
    * de un modo moralista = sanctimoniously.
    * de un modo muy general = crudely.
    * de un modo muy interesante = most interestingly + Verbo.
    * de un modo nervioso = nervously.
    * de un modo nítido = cleanly.
    * de un modo o de otro = either way.
    * de un modo oportunista = opportunistically.
    * de un modo opresivo = oppressively.
    * de un modo óptico = optically.
    * de un modo optimista = optimistically.
    * de un modo pasivo = passively.
    * de un modo penetrante = piercingly.
    * de un modo pensativo = pensively.
    * de un modo poco constructivo = unconstructively.
    * de un modo poco económico = wastefully.
    * de un modo poco natural = unnaturally.
    * de un modo positivo = positively, constructively.
    * de un modo práctico = practically.
    * de un modo provocador = defiantly.
    * de un modo provocativo = defiantly.
    * de un modo que causa confusión = confusingly.
    * de un modo racional = rationally.
    * de un modo rápido = rapidly, overnight, at short notice.
    * de un modo rapsódico = rhapsodically.
    * de un modo raro = freakishly.
    * de un modo regional = regionally.
    * de un modo regular = on a regular basis, on an ongoing basis, on a continuing basis.
    * de un modo relacionado = connectibly.
    * de un modo remunerado = gainfully.
    * de un modo retribuido = gainfully.
    * de un modo secuencial = step by step.
    * de un modo seguro = securely.
    * de un modo similar = in a similar vein.
    * de un modo simplista = simplistically.
    * de un modo sistemático = systematically.
    * de un modo susceptible = sensitively.
    * de un modo tautológico = tautologically.
    * de un modo temporal = on a temporary basis.
    * de un modo tosco = crudely.
    * de un modo trágico = tragically.
    * de un modo tranquilizador = soothingly, reassuringly.
    * de un modo transparente = seamlessly.
    * de un modo u otro = somehow, some way.
    * de un modo vergonzoso = shamefully.
    * de un modo voluntario = voluntarily.
    * de un nuevo modo = in a new way.
    * dicho de otro modo = in other words, said differently.
    * distribuir de un modo escalonado = lay out in + stages.
    * distribuir de un modo planificado = zone.
    * el mejor modo de = the best way of.
    * el modo como = the way in which.
    * el modo de = the way in which.
    * el modo de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.
    * en cierto modo = to some extent, after a fashion, to a certain extent, in a manner of speaking, so to speak, to some degree.
    * en cierto modo + Verbo = sort of + Verbo.
    * encontrar el modo de = find + way of/to.
    * encontrar el modo de paliar un problema = find + way (a)round + problem.
    * encontrar el modo de regresar = find + Posesivo + way back.
    * encontrar su propio modo de actuar = find + Posesivo + own way.
    * en metálico y de otro modo = in cash and in kind.
    * en modo alguno = by no means.
    * estimar a grosso modo = guesstimate.
    * estudiar el modo de = explore + ways in which, explore + ways and means of.
    * examinar el modo de = examine + way.
    * extenderse a modo de abanico = fan out.
    * flujo de datos de un modo intermitente = bursty traffic.
    * frase a modo de título = title-like phrase.
    * funcionar de un modo autónomo = operate under + an autonomous hand.
    * hablar del mismo modo = talk + alike.
    * hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess about, pootle, piddle around.
    * indizar de modo KWIC = KWIC.
    * información a modo de ejemplo = sample data.
    * ingeniarse el modo de = dream up + ways to.
    * modo de actuar = arrangement, course of action, practice, rationale.
    * modo de ahorro de energía = power save mode.
    * modo de andar = gait.
    * modo de aprendizaje = learning style.
    * modo de comportamiento = mode of behaviour, way of conduct.
    * modo de comunicación = communication pathway.
    * modo de conducta = mode of conduct, way of conduct.
    * modo de conseguir Algo = lever.
    * modo de expresión = way of expression, mode of expression.
    * modo de hacer preguntas = questioning behaviour.
    * modo de introducción de datos = input mode.
    * modo de pensar = thinking, way of thinking, mindset [mind-set], mode of thought, mode of thinking.
    * modo de presentación visual = display device.
    * modo de resaltar = spotlight.
    * modo de vida = way of life.
    * modo de vida tradicional = folklife.
    * modo no interactivo = non-interactive mode.
    * no haber modo de = there + be + no means of.
    * no hay modo de que = for the life of me.
    * o de algún otro modo = or otherwise.
    * pensar del mismo modo = think + alike.
    * pensar de un modo diferente = think out(side) + (of) the box.
    * pero no hubo modo = but no dice.
    * por decirlo de algún modo = in a manner of speaking, so to speak.
    * por el modo = by the way.
    * preparar de un modo rápido = throw together.
    * recordar de un modo rápido = sweep back to.
    * saber de algún modo = know + on some grounds.
    * ser en cierto modo un + Nombre = be something of a + Nombre.
    * surgir de un modo confuso = grow + like Topsy.
    * tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.
    * usando el tiempo de un modo eficaz = time efficient [time-efficient].
    * usar de un modo descuidado = bandy (about/around).
    * usar de un modo despreocupado = bandy (about/around).
    * uso de un modo descuidado = bandying about.
    * ver las cosas de diferente modo = see + things differently.
    * ver las cosas de un modo diferente = see + things differently.
    * * *
    1)
    a) (manera, forma) way, manner (frml)

    a mi modo de ver — to my way of thinking, in my opinion

    modo de empleo — instructions for use, directions

    me lo pidió de muy mal modo — (AmL) she asked me (for it) very rudely

    a mi/tu/su modo — (in) my/your/his (own) way

    a modo de: se puso una manta a modo de poncho he put a blanket round his shoulders like a poncho; a modo de introducción by way of introduction; de cualquier modo ( de todas formas) (indep) in any case, anyway; ( sin cuidado) anyhow; del mismo or de igual modo que just as, in the same way (that); de modo que ( así que) so; ( para que) (+ subj) so that; ¿de modo que se van? so they're going, are they?; de modo que se vean desde aquí so that they can be seen from here; de ningún modo no way; de ningún modo puedo aceptar there's no way I can accept; de todos modos anyway, anyhow; en cierto modo in a way; ni modo (AmL exc CS fam): ¿pudieron entrar? - no, ni modo did they get in? - no, no way (colloq); traté de persuadirlo pero ni modo I tried to persuade him but it was no good; ni modo, yo soy como soy that's tough o too bad, I am the way I am (colloq); ni modo que te quedes aquí — there's no way you're staying here (colloq)

    2) modos masculino plural ( modales) manners (pl)

    con buenos/malos modos — politely/rudely o impolitely

    3) (Ling) mood
    4) (Mús) mode
    * * *
    = approach [approaches, -pl.], avenue, guise, means, mode, way, manner, fashion.

    Ex: During the last twenty years the variety of approaches to the organisation of knowledge has proliferated with the introduction of computer-based methods.

    Ex: In the attempt to match the above criteria, there are two fundamentally distinct avenues to the construction of the schedules of a classification scheme.
    Ex: In various guises, the basic concepts have found application in the design of a number of special classification schemes.
    Ex: The easiest means of illustrating some of the foregoing points is to introduce in outline some special classification schemes.
    Ex: Various modes of operation are possible for such a journal, and the precise operation will depend upon the type of information being conveyed.
    Ex: They are likely to influence the future function of DC, and the way in which the scheme will evolve, but since there will be a continuing need for shelf arrangement, DC will remain necessary.
    Ex: City planning is a body of techniques and theories for co-ordinative decision-making which tries to distribute the community's resources in a manner which will best achieve the community's specific goals, whatever they may be = El urbanismo es un conjunto de técnicas y teorías para la toma coordinada de decisiones que intenta distribuir los recursos de la comunidad de tal forma que se consigan mejor los objetivos específicos de ésta, sean cuales sean.
    Ex: It was on the tip of his tongue to say: 'Must you speak to me in this uncivilized fashion?' But he discreetly forbore.
    * actuar de otro modo = do + otherwise.
    * actuar de un modo despiadado = play + hardball.
    * actuar de un modo diferente = strike out on + a different path.
    * actuar de un modo implacable = play + hardball.
    * actuar de un modo independiente = go it alone.
    * actuar de un modo intransigente = play + hardball.
    * adverbio de modo = adverb of mode.
    * a groso modo = crudely.
    * a grosso modo = roughly, rough draft.
    * al actuar de este modo = by so doing, in so doing, by doing so.
    * al modo de = a la.
    * a mi modo de ver = in my books.
    * a modo de = by way of, in the vein of, as a kind of.
    * a modo de aclaración = in parenthesis, on a sidenote.
    * a modo de advertencia = cautionary.
    * a modo de ejemplo = by way of illustration.
    * a modo de explicación = parenthetically.
    * a modo de ilustración = by way of illustration.
    * a modo de inciso = in passing, by the way of (a) digression.
    * a modo de paréntesis = parenthetical.
    * a modo de prólogo = prefatory.
    * a modo de resumen = wrap-up.
    * analizar de un modo imparcial = take + a cool look at.
    * andar de un modo pausado = stroll + at a leisurely pace.
    * artículo a modo de réplica = rebuttal article.
    * así como... de igual modo... = just as... so....
    * avecinarse de un modo amenazador = loom + large on the horizon.
    * buscar el modo de = explore + ways in which, explore + ways and means of.
    * como un modo de = as a way of.
    * conocer de algún modo = know + on some grounds.
    * crecer de modo exhuberante = grow + rampant.
    * de algún modo = in any way [in anyway], somehow, after a fashion, in some form, some way.
    * de algún modo + Adjetivo = otherwise + Adjetivo.
    * de algún modo u otro = of some sort.
    * decir Algo de un modo colérico = flame out.
    * decir de un modo enfadado = spit out.
    * de cualquier modo = however, either way.
    * de diferente modo = differently.
    * de ese modo = in doing so, in this,, thereby.
    * de este modo = by so doing, by this means, in so doing, in this fashion, in this manner, thereby, this way, thus, this way round, in this way, by doing so, in these ways, this is how, in doing so.
    * definir de un modo predeterminado e inamovible = hardwire [hard wire].
    * de igual modo = alike, equally, in like fashion, in like vein.
    * de igual modo que = just as, just as well... as..., along the lines of, on the lines (of).
    * del mejor modo posible = to the best of + Posesivo + ability.
    * del mismo modo = exactly, in the same vein, by the same token.
    * del mismo modo que = as, in the form that, in the same way (as), in the same way that, just as, in the same manner (as), along the lines, after the fashion of, similar to, in common with.
    * del otro modo = the other way (a)round.
    * de modo + Adjetivo = on a + Adjetivo + basis.
    * de modo agresivo = aggressively.
    * de modo alarmante = alarmingly.
    * de modo alternativo = alternatively.
    * de modo altivo = superciliously, haughtily.
    * de modo apreciable = to an appreciable extent.
    * de modo caprichoso = capriciously.
    * de modo censurable = reprehensibly.
    * de modo claro = transparently.
    * de modo comercial = on a commercial basis.
    * de modo competitivo = competitively.
    * de modo complementario = complimentarily.
    * de modo conjunto con = in partnership with.
    * de modo considerable = to a considerable extent.
    * de modo convincente = cogently, unconvincingly.
    * de modo decisivo = decisively.
    * de modo desastroso = disastrously.
    * de modo desconcertante = bewilderingly.
    * de modo divertido = funnily.
    * de modo egoísta = selfishly.
    * de modo errático = erratically.
    * de modo especulativo = speculatively.
    * de modo estructurado = in a structured fashion.
    * de modo fácil = with the tip of a hat.
    * de modo gracioso = funnily.
    * de modo gratuito = on a complimentary basis.
    * de modo heurístico = heuristically.
    * de modo humorístico = in a humorous vein.
    * de modo imaginativo = imaginatively.
    * de modo inconfundible = unmistakably.
    * de modo individual = on a case-by-case basis.
    * de modo inequívoco = unambiguously.
    * de modo inesperado = like a bolt out of the blue, like a bolt from the blue.
    * de modo informal = informally.
    * de modo ininterrumpido = in an unbroken line.
    * de modo insinuante = suggestively.
    * de modo irregular = erratically.
    * de modo irritante = annoyingly.
    * de modo pesimista = gloomily.
    * de modo poco imaginativo = unimaginatively.
    * de modo provocativo = suggestively.
    * de modo que = so.
    * de modo que + poder + oír = within earshot of.
    * de modo raro = funnily.
    * de modo recíproco = reciprocally.
    * de modo reprobatorio = reprovingly, reproachfully.
    * de modos diversos = variously.
    * de modos extraños = funnily.
    * de modo sorprendente = shockingly.
    * de modo tal que = so much so that.
    * demostrar de un modo contundente = demonstrate + beyond (all) doubt, prove + beyond all doubt.
    * de ningún modo = by no means, in no way, on no account, in no sense, by any means, not at all, under no/any circumstances, in any shape or form, for the life of me, not on any account, by no stretch of the imagination.
    * de nuevos modos = in new ways.
    * de otro modo = conversely.
    * de qué modo = by what means.
    * de tal modo que = in such a way that, so.
    * de tal modo que raya en lo ridículo = ridiculously.
    * de tal modo que + Subjuntivo = in such a way as to + Infinitivo.
    * de todos modos = at any rate.
    * de un mod discreto = unobtrusively.
    * de un modo = in a fashion.
    * de un modo absorto = absently.
    * de un modo aburrido y pesado = tediously.
    * de un modo acalorado = hotly.
    * de un modo adecuado = appropriately, fitly.
    * de un modo + Adjetivo = in + Adjetivo + fashion, in + Adjetivo + measure, in a + Adjetivo + manner, in + Adjetivo + manner, on a + Adjetivo + scale, to a + Adjetivo + degree, in a + Adjetivo + vein.
    * de un modo afirmativo = affirmatively.
    * de un modo ahorrativo = thriftily.
    * de un modo aleatorio = at random.
    * de un modo anafórico = anaphorically.
    * de un modo anárquico = anarchically.
    * de un modo anodino = prosaically.
    * de un modo antieconómico = wastefully.
    * de un modo apropiado = fitly, appropriately.
    * de un modo aprovechado = opportunistically.
    * de un modo atractivo = appealingly.
    * de un modo auténtico = authentically.
    * de un modo barato = inexpensively, thriftily.
    * de un modo bochornoso = shamefully.
    * de un modo cansado = wearily.
    * de un modo caro = expensively + Participio.
    * de un modo casual = in a by-the-way fashion.
    * de un modo chirriante = jarringly.
    * de un modo chocante = jarringly.
    * de un modo compacto = compactly.
    * de un modo concluyente = positively.
    * de un modo conservador = conservatively.
    * de un modo constante = on an ongoing basis.
    * de un modo constructivo = constructively.
    * de un modo convincente = convincingly, forcibly.
    * de un modo coordinado = synergistically.
    * de un modo crítico = critically.
    * de un modo decepcionante = disappointedly.
    * de un modo desconcertado = disconcertedly.
    * de un modo descontrolado = uncontrollably.
    * de un modo desenfadado = playfully.
    * de un modo deshonesto = dishonestly.
    * de un modo desordenado = higgledy-piggledy.
    * de un modo devastador = devastatingly.
    * de un modo diferente = differentially.
    * de un modo discreto = quietly.
    * de un modo disonante = jarringly.
    * de un modo económico = economically, thriftily.
    * de un modo elegante = elegantly.
    * de un modo encantador = charmingly.
    * de un modo engorroso = awkwardly, cumbrously.
    * de un modo equivalente = equivalently.
    * de un modo espectacular = spectacularly.
    * de un modo estrafalario = freakishly.
    * de un modo exhaustivo = comprehensively, in depth, exhaustively.
    * de un modo extraño = freakishly.
    * de un modo fiable = reliably.
    * de un modo flexible = flexibly.
    * de un modo fortuito = haphazardly.
    * de un modo fraudulento = fraudulently.
    * de un modo gradual = incrementally.
    * de un modo habitual = as a matter of routine.
    * de un modo heterogéneo = heterogeneously [heterogenously].
    * de un modo holístico = holistically.
    * de un modo imparcial = impartially.
    * de un modo impreciso = fuzzily.
    * de un modo impresionante = impressively.
    * de un modo impulsivo = impulsively.
    * de un modo incidental = incidentally.
    * de un modo incómodo = awkwardly, cumbrously.
    * de un modo incompetente = inefficiently.
    * de un modo incompleto = incompletely.
    * de un modo inconsistente = vagrantly.
    * de un modo incorrecto = inaccurately.
    * de un modo indiferente = regardless.
    * de un modo inductivo = inductively.
    * de un modo innovador = innovatively.
    * de un modo insolente = defiantly.
    * de un modo insulso = prosaically.
    * de un modo inteligente = intelligently.
    * de un modo interesante = interestingly.
    * de un modo intermitente = in bursts.
    * de un modo lógico = logically.
    * de un modo malsonante = jarringly.
    * de un modo matemático = mathematically.
    * de un modo mecánico = mechanically.
    * de un modo meditabundo = pensively.
    * de un modo molesto = annoyingly.
    * de un modo moralista = sanctimoniously.
    * de un modo muy general = crudely.
    * de un modo muy interesante = most interestingly + Verbo.
    * de un modo nervioso = nervously.
    * de un modo nítido = cleanly.
    * de un modo o de otro = either way.
    * de un modo oportunista = opportunistically.
    * de un modo opresivo = oppressively.
    * de un modo óptico = optically.
    * de un modo optimista = optimistically.
    * de un modo pasivo = passively.
    * de un modo penetrante = piercingly.
    * de un modo pensativo = pensively.
    * de un modo poco constructivo = unconstructively.
    * de un modo poco económico = wastefully.
    * de un modo poco natural = unnaturally.
    * de un modo positivo = positively, constructively.
    * de un modo práctico = practically.
    * de un modo provocador = defiantly.
    * de un modo provocativo = defiantly.
    * de un modo que causa confusión = confusingly.
    * de un modo racional = rationally.
    * de un modo rápido = rapidly, overnight, at short notice.
    * de un modo rapsódico = rhapsodically.
    * de un modo raro = freakishly.
    * de un modo regional = regionally.
    * de un modo regular = on a regular basis, on an ongoing basis, on a continuing basis.
    * de un modo relacionado = connectibly.
    * de un modo remunerado = gainfully.
    * de un modo retribuido = gainfully.
    * de un modo secuencial = step by step.
    * de un modo seguro = securely.
    * de un modo similar = in a similar vein.
    * de un modo simplista = simplistically.
    * de un modo sistemático = systematically.
    * de un modo susceptible = sensitively.
    * de un modo tautológico = tautologically.
    * de un modo temporal = on a temporary basis.
    * de un modo tosco = crudely.
    * de un modo trágico = tragically.
    * de un modo tranquilizador = soothingly, reassuringly.
    * de un modo transparente = seamlessly.
    * de un modo u otro = somehow, some way.
    * de un modo vergonzoso = shamefully.
    * de un modo voluntario = voluntarily.
    * de un nuevo modo = in a new way.
    * dicho de otro modo = in other words, said differently.
    * distribuir de un modo escalonado = lay out in + stages.
    * distribuir de un modo planificado = zone.
    * el mejor modo de = the best way of.
    * el modo como = the way in which.
    * el modo de = the way in which.
    * el modo de + Infinitivo = the way to go about + Gerundio.
    * en cierto modo = to some extent, after a fashion, to a certain extent, in a manner of speaking, so to speak, to some degree.
    * en cierto modo + Verbo = sort of + Verbo.
    * encontrar el modo de = find + way of/to.
    * encontrar el modo de paliar un problema = find + way (a)round + problem.
    * encontrar el modo de regresar = find + Posesivo + way back.
    * encontrar su propio modo de actuar = find + Posesivo + own way.
    * en metálico y de otro modo = in cash and in kind.
    * en modo alguno = by no means.
    * estimar a grosso modo = guesstimate.
    * estudiar el modo de = explore + ways in which, explore + ways and means of.
    * examinar el modo de = examine + way.
    * extenderse a modo de abanico = fan out.
    * flujo de datos de un modo intermitente = bursty traffic.
    * frase a modo de título = title-like phrase.
    * funcionar de un modo autónomo = operate under + an autonomous hand.
    * hablar del mismo modo = talk + alike.
    * hacer esto y aquello de un modo relajado = mess about, pootle, piddle around.
    * indizar de modo KWIC = KWIC.
    * información a modo de ejemplo = sample data.
    * ingeniarse el modo de = dream up + ways to.
    * modo de actuar = arrangement, course of action, practice, rationale.
    * modo de ahorro de energía = power save mode.
    * modo de andar = gait.
    * modo de aprendizaje = learning style.
    * modo de comportamiento = mode of behaviour, way of conduct.
    * modo de comunicación = communication pathway.
    * modo de conducta = mode of conduct, way of conduct.
    * modo de conseguir Algo = lever.
    * modo de expresión = way of expression, mode of expression.
    * modo de hacer preguntas = questioning behaviour.
    * modo de introducción de datos = input mode.
    * modo de pensar = thinking, way of thinking, mindset [mind-set], mode of thought, mode of thinking.
    * modo de presentación visual = display device.
    * modo de resaltar = spotlight.
    * modo de vida = way of life.
    * modo de vida tradicional = folklife.
    * modo no interactivo = non-interactive mode.
    * no haber modo de = there + be + no means of.
    * no hay modo de que = for the life of me.
    * o de algún otro modo = or otherwise.
    * pensar del mismo modo = think + alike.
    * pensar de un modo diferente = think out(side) + (of) the box.
    * pero no hubo modo = but no dice.
    * por decirlo de algún modo = in a manner of speaking, so to speak.
    * por el modo = by the way.
    * preparar de un modo rápido = throw together.
    * recordar de un modo rápido = sweep back to.
    * saber de algún modo = know + on some grounds.
    * ser en cierto modo un + Nombre = be something of a + Nombre.
    * surgir de un modo confuso = grow + like Topsy.
    * tratar de igual modo = treat as + equal.
    * usando el tiempo de un modo eficaz = time efficient [time-efficient].
    * usar de un modo descuidado = bandy (about/around).
    * usar de un modo despreocupado = bandy (about/around).
    * uso de un modo descuidado = bandying about.
    * ver las cosas de diferente modo = see + things differently.
    * ver las cosas de un modo diferente = see + things differently.

    * * *
    A
    1 (manera, forma) way, manner ( frml)
    éste no es modo de hacer las cosas this is no way of going about things
    no lo digas de ese modo don't say it like that
    hay que hacerlo del siguiente modo it has to be done in the following manner
    a mi modo de ver to my way of thinking, in my opinion
    ¿qué modo de hablarle a tu abuela es ése? that's no way to speak to your grandmother
    [ S ] modo de empleo instructions for use, directions
    me lo pidió de muy mal modo ( AmL); she asked me (for it) very rudely o in a very rude way
    2 ( en locs):
    a mi/tu/su modo (in) my/your/his (own) way
    hazlo a tu modo do it (in) your (own) way
    le gusta hacer las cosas a su modo he likes to do things his (own) way
    a modo de: se puso una manta a modo de poncho he put a blanket round his shoulders like a poncho
    a modo de introducción by way of introduction
    de cualquier modo (de todas formas) ( indep) in any case, anyway; (sin cuidado) anyhow, any which way ( AmE colloq), any old how ( BrE colloq)
    del mismo or de igual modo que just as, in the same way (that)
    de modo que (así que) (+ indic) so;
    (para que) (+ subj) so that
    lo hiciste porque quisiste, de modo que ahora no te quejes you did it because you wanted to, so don't complain now
    ¿de modo que se van? so they're going, are they?
    colócalos de modo que se vean desde aquí arrange them so that they can be seen from here
    yo no puedo aceptarlo, de ningún modo there is no way I can accept it
    de todos modos anyway, anyhow
    no creo que lo pueda lograr, de todos modos volveré a intentarlo I don't think I can do it, but I'll have another try anyway o anyhow
    en cierto modo in a way
    ni modo ( AmL exc CS fam): ¿pudieron entrar? — no, ni modo, las entradas se habían acabado did they get in? — no, no way o not a chance, it was sold out ( colloq)
    traté de persuadirlo para que fuera pero ni modo I tried to persuade him to go but it was no good
    ni modo, yo soy como soy that's tough o too bad, I am the way I am ( colloq)
    ni modo que ( AmL exc CS): tienes que regresar a tu casa, ni modo que te quedes aquí you have to go home, there's no way you're staying here ( colloq)
    B modos mpl (modales) manners (pl)
    con buenos/malos modos politely/rudely o impolitely
    C ( Ling) mood
    el modo indicativo/subjuntivo the indicative/subjunctive mood
    D ( Mús) mode
    Compuesto:
    modo mayor/menor
    major/minor mode
    E ( Inf) mode
    Compuesto:
    sleep mode
    * * *

     

    modo sustantivo masculino
    1
    a) (manera, forma) way, manner (frml);


    del siguiente modo in the following manner;
    a mi modo de ver to my way of thinking, in my opinion;
    no lo digas de ese modo don't say it like that;
    de un modo u otro one way or another;
    su modo de ser the way he is;

    ( on signs) modo de empleo instructions for use, directions;

    b) ( en locs)

    ◊ a mi/tu/su modo (in) my/your/his (own) way;

    de cualquier modo ( de todas formas) ( indep) in any case, anyway;

    ( sin cuidado) anyhow;
    del mismo or de igual modo que just as, in the same way (that);


    ( para que) so that;

    de ningún modo puedo aceptar there's no way I can accept;
    de todos modos anyway, anyhow;
    en cierto modo in a way;
    ni modo (AmL exc CS fam) no way;
    traté de persuadirlo pero ni modo I tried to persuade him but it was no good;
    ni modo que te quedes aquí there's no way you're staying here (colloq)
    2
    ◊ modos sustantivo masculino plural ( modales) manners (pl);

    con buenos/malos modos politely/rudely o impolitely
    modo sustantivo masculino
    1 (forma de hacer) way, manner: habla de un modo extraño, he speaks in a strange way
    2 Ling mode: modo imperativo, imperative mood 3 modos, manners: ¡no vengas aquí con esos malos modos!, don't come around here with those bad manners!
    ' modo' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    A
    - así
    - camino
    - cante
    - canto
    - carácter
    - censurar
    - cocina
    - como quiera
    - comoquiera
    - con
    - conforme
    - de
    - dicha
    - dicho
    - empleo
    - en
    - estilo
    - forma
    - ir
    - gustar
    - habla
    - igualmente
    - inciso
    - indicativa
    - indicativo
    - mirada
    - olla
    - parcial
    - pensión
    - poner
    - proceder
    - radical
    - reconocer
    - replicar
    - risa
    - según
    - sentada
    - sic
    - sistema
    - tal
    - temeraria
    - temerario
    - temperamento
    - tono
    - tres
    - uso
    - ver
    - vía
    - vida
    English:
    abrupt
    - alike
    - allowance
    - aloud
    - anyhow
    - as
    - at
    - captivate
    - casually
    - deliriously
    - depressingly
    - direction
    - dramatically
    - educationally
    - fashion
    - funnily
    - gloomily
    - haphazardly
    - harmlessly
    - illegibly
    - impressively
    - inadequately
    - incompletely
    - incomprehensibly
    - inconclusively
    - inconveniently
    - instruction
    - keenly
    - kind
    - loophole
    - love
    - maddeningly
    - manner
    - mode
    - modus operandi
    - mood
    - mother
    - nowhere
    - observe
    - offhandedly
    - originally
    - ostentatious
    - other
    - outrageous
    - pass round
    - plausibly
    - quizzical
    - ravishingly
    - reassuringly
    - reciprocally
    * * *
    ♦ nm
    1. [manera, forma] way;
    no encuentro el modo de dejar el tabaco whatever I do, I just can't seem to give up smoking;
    ése no es modo de comportarse that's no way to behave;
    ¿has visto el modo en que o [m5] el modo como te mira? have you seen how o the way he's looking at you?;
    esta vez lo haremos a mi modo this time we'll do it my way;
    al modo de in the style of, after the fashion of;
    a modo de as, by way of;
    a mi modo de ver the way I see it;
    de algún modo somehow;
    se le cayó el botón porque lo cosió de cualquier modo the button fell off because he sewed it on carelessly o any old how;
    hazlo de cualquier modo do it however you like;
    no te preocupes, de cualquier modo no pensaba ir don't worry, I wasn't going to go anyway;
    de ese/este modo that/this way;
    del mismo modo similarly, in the same way;
    lo hice del mismo modo que ayer/tú I did it the same way as yesterday/you;
    lo organizaron de modo que acabara antes de las diez they organized it so (that) it finished before ten;
    ¿de modo que no te gusta? so, you don't like it (then)?;
    de ningún modo o [m5] en modo alguno deberíamos dejarle salir under no circumstances should we let her out;
    de ningún modo o [m5] en modo alguno quise ofenderte I in no way intended to offend you;
    ¿te he molestado? – de ningún modo o [m5] en modo alguno did I annoy you? – not at all o by no means;
    ¿quieres que lo invitemos? – ¡de ningún modo! shall we invite him? – no way o certainly not!;
    de otro modo [si no] otherwise;
    de tal modo (que) [tanto] so much (that);
    de todos modos in any case, anyway;
    de todos modos seguiremos en contacto in any case, we'll keep in touch;
    de todos modos, ¿qué es eso que decías de un viaje? anyway, what's that you were saying about going away?;
    de un modo u otro one way or another;
    dicho de otro modo in other words, put another way;
    en cierto modo in a way;
    ¡qué modo de hacer las cosas! that's no way to do things!
    Ling modo de articulación manner of articulation;
    modo de empleo instructions for use;
    modo de pensar way of thinking;
    a mi modo de pensar to my way of thinking;
    modo de ser: [m5] tiene un modo de ser muy agradable she has a very pleasant nature;
    no me gusta su modo de ser I don't like the way he is;
    modo de vida way of life, lifestyle
    2.
    modos [modales] manners;
    buenos/malos modos good/bad manners;
    me contestó de buenos/malos modos she answered politely/rudely
    3. Gram mood;
    modo indicativo/subjuntivo indicative/subjunctive mood;
    en modo indicativo in the indicative (mood)
    4. Informát mode
    modo de edición edit mode;
    modo gráfico graphic mode;
    modo de inserción insert mode
    5. Mús mode
    ♦ ni modo loc adv
    Am salvo RP [de ninguna manera] no way, not a chance;
    ¿llegaremos a tiempo? – ni modo will we get there on time? – no way o not a chance;
    ni modo pues there's nothing we can do about it, then
    * * *
    m
    1 way;
    a mi modo de ver to my way of thinking;
    dicho de otro modo to put it another way;
    de este modo like this;
    modo de ser personality
    2 GRAM mood
    3 MÚS mode
    4
    :
    modos pl manners;
    5
    :
    de modo que so that;
    de ningún modo not at all;
    de otro modo otherwise;
    de tal modo que so much that;
    de cualquier modo anyway, anyhow;
    en cierto modo in a way o sense
    * * *
    modo nm
    1) manera: way, manner, mode
    de un modo u otro: one way or another
    a mi modo de ver: to my way of thinking
    2) : mood (in grammar)
    3) : mode (in music)
    4)
    a modo de : by way of, in the manner of, like
    a modo de ejemplo: by way of example
    5)
    de cualquier modo : in any case, anyway
    6)
    de modo que : so, in such a way that
    7)
    de todos modos : in any case, anyway
    8)
    en cierto modo : in a way, to a certain extent
    * * *
    modo n way

    Spanish-English dictionary > modo

  • 8 disminuir

    v.
    1 to reduce.
    2 to decrease.
    El medicamento disminuyó la fiebre The drug decreased the fever.
    Me disminuyó la temperatura My temperature decreased.
    3 to diminish, to decrease, to fall off, to drop off.
    El calor disminuyó The heat diminished.
    4 to lessen, to take down, to humiliate, to deflate.
    Su actitud disminuyó a su hijo His attitude lessened his son.
    5 to have less.
    Te disminuyó la fiebre You have less fever.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ HUIR], like link=huir huir
    1 (gen) to decrease
    2 (medidas, velocidad) to reduce
    1 (gen) to diminish
    2 (temperatura, precios) to drop, fall
    * * *
    verb
    2) drop, fall
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) (=reducir) [+ nivel, precio, gastos, intereses] to reduce, bring down; [+ riesgo, incidencia, dolor] to reduce, lessen; [+ temperatura] to lower, bring down; [+ prestigio, autoridad] to diminish, lessen; [+ fuerzas] to sap; [+ entusiasmo] to dampen

    algunos bancos han disminuido en un 0,15% sus tipos de interés — some banks have reduced o brought down their interest rates by 0.15%

    disminuyó la velocidad para tomar la curva — she slowed down o reduced her speed to go round the bend

    2) (Cos) [+ puntos] to decrease
    2. VI
    1) (=decrecer) [número, población] to decrease, drop, fall; [temperatura, precios] to drop, fall; [distancia, diferencia, velocidad, tensión] to decrease; [fuerzas, autoridad, poder] to diminish; [días] to grow shorter; [luz] to fade; [prestigio, entusiasmo] to dwindle

    el paro disminuyó en un 0,3% — unemployment dropped o fell by 0.3%

    2) (=empeorar) [memoria, vista] to fail
    3) (Cos) [puntos] to decrease
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( menguar) número/cantidad to decrease, drop, fall; entusiasmo/interés to wane, diminish; precios/temperaturas to drop, fall; poder/fama to diminish; dolor to diminish, lessen
    2) ( al tejer) to decrease
    2.
    1) ( reducir) <gastos/costos/impuestos> to reduce, cut; < velocidad> to reduce; <número/cantidad> to reduce, diminish
    2) ( al tejer) < puntos> to decrease
    * * *
    = decline, decrease, diminish, dwindle, fall off, reduce, relax, shrink, slow down, tail off, lower, dip, subside, mitigate, lessen, abate, decelerate, regress, wane, take + a dive, ebb, slacken, whittle (away/down/at), slow up, taper, scale back, remit, take + a dip, turn down.
    Ex. Library use declines during the June-October period when examinations have finished and the students are on vacation.
    Ex. Recall is inversely proportional to precision, and vice versa, or in other words, as one increases, the other must decrease.
    Ex. While another colleague of mine offered the wry comment that 'as the computer's capabilities have increased our expectations of what it can do have proportionally diminished'.
    Ex. Whereas this proportion is dwindling as a percentage of the total budget, agricultural spending continues to rise in real terms.
    Ex. When the recording procedures were removed study time fell off immediately.
    Ex. The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.
    Ex. Since the Federal Government has not been willing to relax import restrictions on books, academic librarians have had to devise a number of strategies for the survival of collection development.
    Ex. The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.
    Ex. However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.
    Ex. In this unsettled atmosphere, it is not surprising that enthusiasm for membership of the Community should tail off.
    Ex. When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.
    Ex. The proportions of books bought for children have been extraordinarily steady for four of the five years, only dipping at all appreciably in the last year of 1979-80.
    Ex. Her agitation subsided suddenly.
    Ex. Confusion caused by repetition of descriptive information in access points can be mitigated by careful screen design.
    Ex. Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.
    Ex. As the sobbing abated, the secretary's voice regained some steadiness.
    Ex. Accumulation of new data bases is decelerating rapidly with the focus on deriving subsets from current files to serve niche markets.
    Ex. Interloans have regressed recently, despite the rapid advancement of the computer age.
    Ex. The population waxed again slightly, then waned again, until it finally stabilized around its present 55,000.
    Ex. The article 'Wages, hours, bookfunds take a dive' examines how some authorities are proposing cuts in wages to preserve services; others reducing bookfunds by as much as a quarter, or cutting their opening hours in half.
    Ex. Subsequently, library development stalled as cultural interaction ebbed from classical levels.
    Ex. The trend direct supply of books to schools shows no sign of slackening.
    Ex. However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.
    Ex. Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.
    Ex. The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.
    Ex. He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.
    Ex. The fever was resolved and the skin lesions started to remit during the following 3 weeks.
    Ex. Sales took a dip in 2005 but exploded in 2006.
    Ex. Cytokines are small proteins used to communicate messages between the immune cells in the immune system to either turn up or down the immune response.
    ----
    * atención + disminuir = attention + wane.
    * disminuir casi hasta su desaparación = drop to + near vanishing point.
    * disminuir de tamaño = dwindle in + size.
    * disminuir el riesgo = reduce + risk.
    * disminuir el valor de = belittle.
    * disminuir la importancia de = lessen + the importance of.
    * disminuir la marcha = slow down.
    * disminuir la posibilidad = lessen + possibility.
    * disminuir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.
    * disminuir las probabilidades = lengthen + the odds.
    * disminuir la velocidad = slow up.
    * sin disminuir = non-decreasing, unabated.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo intransitivo
    1) ( menguar) número/cantidad to decrease, drop, fall; entusiasmo/interés to wane, diminish; precios/temperaturas to drop, fall; poder/fama to diminish; dolor to diminish, lessen
    2) ( al tejer) to decrease
    2.
    1) ( reducir) <gastos/costos/impuestos> to reduce, cut; < velocidad> to reduce; <número/cantidad> to reduce, diminish
    2) ( al tejer) < puntos> to decrease
    * * *
    = decline, decrease, diminish, dwindle, fall off, reduce, relax, shrink, slow down, tail off, lower, dip, subside, mitigate, lessen, abate, decelerate, regress, wane, take + a dive, ebb, slacken, whittle (away/down/at), slow up, taper, scale back, remit, take + a dip, turn down.

    Ex: Library use declines during the June-October period when examinations have finished and the students are on vacation.

    Ex: Recall is inversely proportional to precision, and vice versa, or in other words, as one increases, the other must decrease.
    Ex: While another colleague of mine offered the wry comment that 'as the computer's capabilities have increased our expectations of what it can do have proportionally diminished'.
    Ex: Whereas this proportion is dwindling as a percentage of the total budget, agricultural spending continues to rise in real terms.
    Ex: When the recording procedures were removed study time fell off immediately.
    Ex: The disadvantage of inversion of words is that inversion or indirect word order reduces predictability of form of headings.
    Ex: Since the Federal Government has not been willing to relax import restrictions on books, academic librarians have had to devise a number of strategies for the survival of collection development.
    Ex: The 'false hit' problem still arises, but becomes less likely as the 'neighborhood' of the two words shrinks.
    Ex: However, the flight from DC appears to have slowed down more quickly than was anticipated, and we no longer read of large numbers of libraries making the change.
    Ex: In this unsettled atmosphere, it is not surprising that enthusiasm for membership of the Community should tail off.
    Ex: When a forme was in place on the press stone, paper was lowered on to it by means of a tympan and frisket.
    Ex: The proportions of books bought for children have been extraordinarily steady for four of the five years, only dipping at all appreciably in the last year of 1979-80.
    Ex: Her agitation subsided suddenly.
    Ex: Confusion caused by repetition of descriptive information in access points can be mitigated by careful screen design.
    Ex: Two possible solutions are possible: (1) to lessen the frequency of production, or (2) to reduce the amount of detail in the entries.
    Ex: As the sobbing abated, the secretary's voice regained some steadiness.
    Ex: Accumulation of new data bases is decelerating rapidly with the focus on deriving subsets from current files to serve niche markets.
    Ex: Interloans have regressed recently, despite the rapid advancement of the computer age.
    Ex: The population waxed again slightly, then waned again, until it finally stabilized around its present 55,000.
    Ex: The article 'Wages, hours, bookfunds take a dive' examines how some authorities are proposing cuts in wages to preserve services; others reducing bookfunds by as much as a quarter, or cutting their opening hours in half.
    Ex: Subsequently, library development stalled as cultural interaction ebbed from classical levels.
    Ex: The trend direct supply of books to schools shows no sign of slackening.
    Ex: However, such idealism is often whittled away over time by bureaucratic problems & organizational demands.
    Ex: Since cataloging is the most time consuming part of digitization, it has slowed up the placement of files.
    Ex: The tube in the two types tapers almost unnoticeably from base to tip.
    Ex: He first spotted trouble when she started being short with users and so he solved the problem by scaling back her workload.
    Ex: The fever was resolved and the skin lesions started to remit during the following 3 weeks.
    Ex: Sales took a dip in 2005 but exploded in 2006.
    Ex: Cytokines are small proteins used to communicate messages between the immune cells in the immune system to either turn up or down the immune response.
    * atención + disminuir = attention + wane.
    * disminuir casi hasta su desaparación = drop to + near vanishing point.
    * disminuir de tamaño = dwindle in + size.
    * disminuir el riesgo = reduce + risk.
    * disminuir el valor de = belittle.
    * disminuir la importancia de = lessen + the importance of.
    * disminuir la marcha = slow down.
    * disminuir la posibilidad = lessen + possibility.
    * disminuir la probabilidad = reduce + chances.
    * disminuir las probabilidades = lengthen + the odds.
    * disminuir la velocidad = slow up.
    * sin disminuir = non-decreasing, unabated.

    * * *
    vi
    A (menguar) «número/cantidad» to decrease, drop, fall; «desempleo/exportaciones/gastos» to decrease, drop, fall; «entusiasmo» to wane, diminish; «interés» to wane, diminish, fall off
    el número de fumadores ha disminuido the number of smokers has dropped o fallen o decreased
    los impuestos no disminuyeron there was no decrease o cut in taxes
    los casos de malaria han disminuido there has been a drop o fall o decrease in the number of malaria cases
    disminuyó la intensidad del viento the wind died down o dropped
    la agilidad disminuye con los años one becomes less agile with age
    B (al tejer) to decrease
    ■ disminuir
    vt
    A (reducir) ‹gastos/costos› to reduce, bring down, cut
    disminuimos la velocidad we reduced speed
    es un asunto muy grave y se intenta disminuir su importancia it is a very serious matter, and its importance is being played down
    el alcohol disminuye la rapidez de los reflejos alcohol slows down your reactions
    B (al tejer) ‹puntos› to decrease
    * * *

     

    disminuir ( conjugate disminuir) verbo intransitivo ( menguar) [número/cantidad] to decrease, fall;
    [precios/temperaturas] to drop, fall;
    [ dolor] to diminish, lessen
    verbo transitivo ( reducir) ‹gastos/producción› to cut back on;
    ‹ impuestos› to cut;
    ‹velocidad/número/cantidad› to reduce
    disminuir
    I verbo transitivo to reduce: esto disminuye sus probabilidades de entrar en la Universidad, this lowers his chances of admission to the University
    II verbo intransitivo to diminish: el calor ha disminuido, the heat has lessened
    ' disminuir' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    aclararse
    - atenuar
    - bajar
    - descender
    - enfriar
    - perder
    - rebajar
    - reducir
    - reducirse
    - velocidad
    English:
    cut back
    - decline
    - decrease
    - die down
    - diminish
    - drop
    - dwindle
    - ease off
    - ease up
    - lessen
    - lower
    - odds
    - reduce
    - shrink
    - sink
    - slacken
    - slacken off
    - taper off
    - thin out
    - abate
    - ease
    - flag
    - go
    - let
    - tail
    - taper
    - wane
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    to reduce, to decrease;
    disminuye la velocidad al entrar en la curva reduce speed as you go into the curve;
    pastillas que disminuyen el sueño tablets that prevent drowsiness;
    la lesión no ha disminuido su habilidad con el balón the injury hasn't affected his skill with the ball
    ♦ vi
    [cantidad, velocidad, intensidad, contaminación] to decrease, to decline; [desempleo, inflación] to decrease, to fall; [precios, temperatura] to fall, to go down; [vista, memoria] to fail; [interés] to decline, to wane;
    no disminuye la euforia inversora investor enthusiasm continues unabated
    * * *
    I v/t gastos, costos reduce, cut; velocidad reduce
    II v/i decrease, diminish
    * * *
    disminuir {41} vt
    reducir: to reduce, to decrease, to lower
    1) : to lower
    2) : to drop, to fall
    * * *
    1. (reducir) to reduce
    2. (bajar, menguar) to fall [pt. fell; pp. fallen] / to drop [pt. & pp. dropped]

    Spanish-English dictionary > disminuir

  • 9 alguno

    adj.
    at all, of any kind.
    No hay dinero alguno en mi bolsillo There is no money at all in my pocket.
    pron.
    1 any one, a particular one, some.
    2 someone, anybody, anyone, somebody.
    * * *
    1 (afirmativo) some; (interrogativo, negativo) any
    ■ ¿ha habido alguna llamada? has anyone phoned?, have there been any phone calls?
    1 (afirmativo) someone, somebody; (interrogativo, negativo) anybody
    \
    alguno que otro some, a few
    * * *
    1. (f. - alguna)
    pron.
    someone, somebody
    - algunos
    - algunas     2. (f. - alguna)
    adj.
    1) some, any
    2) not any, not at all (in negative sentences)
    •
    * * *
    alguno, -a
    1. ADJ
    ( antes de sm sing algún)
    1) [antes de s] [en oraciones afirmativas] some; [en oraciones interrogativas, condicionales] any

    ¿conoces algún hotel barato? — do you know a cheap hotel?

    hubo alguna que otra nube — there were one or two clouds, there was the odd cloud

    • en alguna parte — somewhere

    • alguna vez — [en oraciones afirmativas] at some point; [en oraciones interrogativas, condicionales] ever

    ¿has estado alguna vez en Nueva York? — have you ever been to New York?

    2) [después de s]

    • sin interés alguno — without the slightest interest

    • sin valor alguno — completely worthless

    duda
    3) pl algunos (=varios) several
    2. PRON
    1) (=objeto) one

    de entre tantas camisas, seguro que alguna te gustará — out of all these shirts, there's bound to be one that you like

    • alguno que otro — one or two

    2) (=persona) someone, somebody

    siempre hay alguno que protesta — there is always one o someone o somebody who complains

    • alguno de ellos — one of them

    3) pl algunos (=cosas) some, some of them; (=personas) some, some of us/you etc

    vinieron algunos, pero no todos — some of them came, but not all

    ALGUNO, ALGO "Some" y "any" en oraciones afirmativas e interrogativas Fras es afirmativas ► En frases afirmativas debe usarse some o las formas compuestas de some: He leído algunos artículos interesantes sobre el tema I have read some interesting articles on the subject Algunos no están de acuerdo Some people disagree He comprado algo para ti I've bought something for you Fras es interrogativas ► En frases interrogativas que expresan algún tipo de ofrecimiento o petición y cuya respuesta se espera que sea positiva, también debe emplearse la forma some {etc}: Tienes muchos libros. ¿Me dejas alguno? You've got lots of books. Can I borrow some? ► En el resto de las frases interrogativas, empléese any o las formas compuestas de any: ¿Se te ocurre alguna otra idea? Do you have any other ideas? ¿Hay algún sitio donde podamos escondernos? Is there anywhere we can hide? Fras es condicionales ► La construcción si + ((verbo)) + algo o algún/ alguna {etc} se traduce al inglés por if + ((sujeto)) + ((verbo)) + any {o} some, {etc}: Si necesitas algo, dímelo If you need anything, let me know Si quiere algunas cintas, no deje de pedirlas If you would like some tapes, don't hesitate to ask Hay que tener en cuenta que some se utiliza cuando tenemos más certeza de que la condición se vaya a cumplir. Para otros usos y ejemplos ver algo, alguno see NINGUNO
    * * *
    I
    - na adjetivo

    algún día — some o one day

    b) (en frases interrogativas, condicionales, etc) any

    ¿tocas algún instrumento? — do you play any instruments?

    si tienes algún problema — if there's any problem, if you have any problems

    ¿te dio algún recado para mí? — did she give you a message for me?

    hace algunos años — some years ago o a few years ago

    algún or alguno que otro/alguna que otra: escribió algún que otro artículo he wrote one or two articles; algún or alguno que otro lujo the odd luxury; he ido alguna que otra vez I've been once or twice; alguna que otra vez vamos al cine — we go to the cinema now and then

    II
    - na pronombre
    a) (cosa, persona indeterminada) one
    b) (en frases interrogativas, condicionales, etc)

    buscaba una guía ¿tiene alguna? — I was looking for a guide, do you have one o any?

    he visto alguna or algunas — I've seen some

    * * *
    = one or other, some.
    Ex. The array of data bases available through one or other of the online hosts is rapidly expanding.
    Ex. The banning of The Times newspapers by some local authorities has been a case in question.
    ----
    * alguna que otra vez = from time to time, every once in a while, occasional, every now and then, every now and again.
    * algunas personas = some people.
    * algunas veces = sometimes, from time to time, occasionally.
    * alguna vez = ever, on any one occasion.
    * algún día = one day.
    * algunos = a few, some people.
    * algunos años más tarde = some years on.
    * algunos lo aman, otros lo odian = love it or loathe it.
    * algunos otros + Nombre = various other + Nombre.
    * algún tiempo = awhile.
    * algún tipo de = some, some sort of.
    * algún tipo de + Nombre = one kind of + Nombre + or another.
    * a partir de ahora y durante + Cuantificador + algunos años = for + Cuantificador + years to come.
    * de alguna manera = some way.
    * de alguna otra forma = in any other way.
    * de algún modo = some way.
    * de algún tiempo a esta parte = for some time now.
    * desde hace algún tiempo = for days.
    * durante algunos años = over a period of years.
    * durante algún tiempo = for days.
    * en alguna ocasión = on any one occasion.
    * en algún lugar = at some point.
    * en algún momento = at some point, at one time or another.
    * en algunos casos = in some cases.
    * en algunos grupos = in some quarters.
    * en algunos grupos de la población = in some quarters.
    * en algunos sectores = in some quarters.
    * en algunos sectores de la población = in some quarters.
    * en el transcurso de algunos años = over a period of years.
    * estar tramando alguna barrabasada = be up to no good, get up to + no good.
    * hace algún tiempo = a while back, some while ago, sometime back.
    * para alguna gente = to some people.
    * para algunas personas = to some people.
    * para alguno = to some.
    * por decirlo de alguna manera = so to speak.
    * por decirlo de algún modo = in a manner of speaking, so to speak.
    * por mencionar sólo algunos = to mention only a few.
    * si alguna vez lo fue = if it ever was.
    * sin causa alguna = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin coste alguno = without cost, without charge, free of charge, free of cost, cost free, for free, at no charge, at no cost.
    * sin costo adicional alguno = at no extra charge.
    * sin fundamento alguno = without any basis.
    * sin razón alguna = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * tener alguna posibilidad = have + a fighting chance.
    * tener alguna posibilidad de triunfar = have + a fighting chance.
    * ya hace algún tiempo = for quite some time.
    * * *
    I
    - na adjetivo

    algún día — some o one day

    b) (en frases interrogativas, condicionales, etc) any

    ¿tocas algún instrumento? — do you play any instruments?

    si tienes algún problema — if there's any problem, if you have any problems

    ¿te dio algún recado para mí? — did she give you a message for me?

    hace algunos años — some years ago o a few years ago

    algún or alguno que otro/alguna que otra: escribió algún que otro artículo he wrote one or two articles; algún or alguno que otro lujo the odd luxury; he ido alguna que otra vez I've been once or twice; alguna que otra vez vamos al cine — we go to the cinema now and then

    II
    - na pronombre
    a) (cosa, persona indeterminada) one
    b) (en frases interrogativas, condicionales, etc)

    buscaba una guía ¿tiene alguna? — I was looking for a guide, do you have one o any?

    he visto alguna or algunas — I've seen some

    * * *
    = one or other, some.

    Ex: The array of data bases available through one or other of the online hosts is rapidly expanding.

    Ex: The banning of The Times newspapers by some local authorities has been a case in question.
    * alguna que otra vez = from time to time, every once in a while, occasional, every now and then, every now and again.
    * algunas personas = some people.
    * algunas veces = sometimes, from time to time, occasionally.
    * alguna vez = ever, on any one occasion.
    * algún día = one day.
    * algunos = a few, some people.
    * algunos años más tarde = some years on.
    * algunos lo aman, otros lo odian = love it or loathe it.
    * algunos otros + Nombre = various other + Nombre.
    * algún tiempo = awhile.
    * algún tipo de = some, some sort of.
    * algún tipo de + Nombre = one kind of + Nombre + or another.
    * a partir de ahora y durante + Cuantificador + algunos años = for + Cuantificador + years to come.
    * de alguna manera = some way.
    * de alguna otra forma = in any other way.
    * de algún modo = some way.
    * de algún tiempo a esta parte = for some time now.
    * desde hace algún tiempo = for days.
    * durante algunos años = over a period of years.
    * durante algún tiempo = for days.
    * en alguna ocasión = on any one occasion.
    * en algún lugar = at some point.
    * en algún momento = at some point, at one time or another.
    * en algunos casos = in some cases.
    * en algunos grupos = in some quarters.
    * en algunos grupos de la población = in some quarters.
    * en algunos sectores = in some quarters.
    * en algunos sectores de la población = in some quarters.
    * en el transcurso de algunos años = over a period of years.
    * estar tramando alguna barrabasada = be up to no good, get up to + no good.
    * hace algún tiempo = a while back, some while ago, sometime back.
    * para alguna gente = to some people.
    * para algunas personas = to some people.
    * para alguno = to some.
    * por decirlo de alguna manera = so to speak.
    * por decirlo de algún modo = in a manner of speaking, so to speak.
    * por mencionar sólo algunos = to mention only a few.
    * si alguna vez lo fue = if it ever was.
    * sin causa alguna = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * sin coste alguno = without cost, without charge, free of charge, free of cost, cost free, for free, at no charge, at no cost.
    * sin costo adicional alguno = at no extra charge.
    * sin fundamento alguno = without any basis.
    * sin razón alguna = for no reason, for no specific reason, for no particular reason, for no good reason.
    * tener alguna posibilidad = have + a fighting chance.
    * tener alguna posibilidad de triunfar = have + a fighting chance.
    * ya hace algún tiempo = for quite some time.

    * * *
    alguno1 -na
    siempre surge algún contratiempo something o some problem always crops up
    algún día some o one day
    en algún lugar seguro somewhere safe
    2 (en frases interrogativas, condicionales, etc) any
    ¿tocas algún instrumento? do you play an instrument o any instruments?
    ¿tiene alguna falta? are there any mistakes?
    ¿te dio algún recado para mí? did she give you a message for me?
    si tienes algún problema me lo dices if there's any problem o if you have any problems o if you have a problem, let me know
    3
    (indicando una cantidad indeterminada): esto tiene alguna importancia this is of some importance
    hace algunos años some years ago o a few years ago
    sólo me quedan tres tazas y algún plato I only have three cups and a plate or two left
    fuera de algún artículo de crítica no ha escrito casi nada apart from the odd review o apart from one or two reviews he has hardly written anything
    algún or alguno que otro/alguna que otra: me gustó alguna que otra de sus acuarelas I liked a few o one or two of her watercolors
    algún or alguno que otro lujo the odd luxury
    alguna que otra vez once or twice, on the odd occasion
    (con valor negativo): esto no lo afectará en modo alguno this won't affect it in the slightest o at all
    (una persona indeterminada): no hay semana en que alguno de ellos no me dé un disgusto not a week passes without one of them upsetting me
    siempre hay alguno que no está conforme there's always someone who doesn't agree
    fue en alguna de esas revistas que lo leí I read it in one of those magazines
    2
    (en frases interrogativas, condicionales, etc): buscaba una guía ilustrada ¿tiene alguna? I was looking for an illustrated guide, do you have one o any?
    si tuviera alguno te lo prestaría if I had one I'd lend it to you
    3 (una cantidad indeterminada — de personas) some (people); (— de cosas) some
    algunos creen que fue así some (people) believe that was the case
    para alguno, es lo más importante for some, it's the most important thing
    he visto alguna or algunas I've seen some
    * * *

     

    alguno 1
    ◊ -na adjetivo

    1 ( delante del n)

    ◊ algún día some o one day;

    en algún lugar somewhere
    b) (en frases interrogativas, condicionales, etc) any;

    ◊ ¿tocas algún instrumento? do you play any instruments?;

    si tienes algún problema if there's any problem, if you have any problems


    hace algunos años some years ago, a few years ago;
    me quedan tres tazas y algún plato I have three cups and one or two plates;
    escribió algún que otro artículo he wrote one or two articles
    2 ( detrás del n) ( con valor negativo):
    ◊ esto no lo afectará en modo alguno this won't affect it in the slightest o at all

    alguno 2
    ◊ -na pronombre

    a) (cosa, persona indeterminada) one;


    siempre hay alguno que no está conforme there's always someone who doesn't agree
    b) (en frases interrogativas, condicionales, etc):

    ◊ buscaba una guía ¿tiene alguna? I was looking for a guide, do you have one o any?;

    si tuviera alguno if I had one

    (— de cosas) some;

    he visto algunas I've seen some;
    he tenido alguno que otro I've had one or two
    alguno,-a
    I adjetivo
    1 (afirmativo) some: algunos críticos elogiaron la obra, some critics praised the work
    algunas veces me río sin motivo, some times I laugh for no reason
    alguna que otra vez, now and then
    2 (interrogativo) any: ¿tienes alguna cita para mañana?, have you any appointments for tomorrow?
    3 (negativo) not at all: en este crimen no hay móvil alguno, there's no motive at all for this crime
    II pron indef
    1 someone, somebody
    alguno que otro, someone or other 2 algunos,-as, some (people)
    ' alguno' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    algún
    - alguna
    - inconveniente
    - vínculo
    - compromiso
    English:
    aimlessly
    - any
    - anybody
    - care
    - some
    - either
    - odd
    * * *
    alguno, -a algún is used instead of alguno before masculine singular nouns (e.g. algún día some day).
    ♦ adj
    1. [indeterminado] some;
    [en frases interrogativas] any;
    ¿tienes algún libro? do you have any books?;
    ¿tiene algún otro color? do you have any other colours?;
    algún día some o one day;
    en algún lugar somewhere;
    tiene que estar en algún lugar it must be somewhere or other;
    compró algunas cosas he bought a few things;
    ha surgido algún (que otro) problema the odd problem has come up;
    si tuvieras alguna duda me lo dices should you have any queries, let me know
    2. [en frases negativas] any;
    no tiene importancia alguna it's of no importance whatsoever;
    no tengo interés alguno (en hacerlo) I'm not in the least (bit) interested (in doing it);
    en modo alguno in no way;
    no vamos a permitir que este contratiempo nos afecte en modo alguno we're not going to allow this setback to affect us in any way
    ♦ pron
    1. [persona] someone, somebody;
    * * *
    I adj
    1 en frases afirmativas some;
    alguno que otro de sus libros a few of his books;
    alguno que otro jueves occasionally on a Thursday;
    fumo alguno que otro cigarrillo de vez en cuando I smoke the odd cigarette, I have a cigarette from time to time;
    de modo alguno in the slightest, at all;
    en alguna parte somewhere
    no la influyó de modo alguno it didn’t influence her in any way;
    si alguna vez … if at any time …
    II pron: persona someone, somebody;
    algunos opinan que some people think that;
    alguno se podrá usar objeto we’ll be able to use some of them;
    si alguno de vosotros/aquéllos … if one of you/them …
    * * *
    1) : some, any
    algún día: someday, one day
    2) (in negative constructions) : not any, not at all
    no tengo noticia alguna: I have no news at all
    3)
    algunas veces : sometimes
    alguno, -na pron
    1) : one, someone, somebody
    alguno de ellos: one of them
    2) algunos, -nas pron pl
    : some, a few
    algunos quieren trabajar: some want to work
    * * *
    alguno1 adj
    ¿conoces algún restaurante barato? do you know any cheap restaurants?
    3. (en frase negativas) no / not... any
    ¿has estado alguna vez en Santander? have you ever been to Santander?
    alguno2 pron
    1. (singular) one
    2. (plural) some

    Spanish-English dictionary > alguno

  • 10 extenderse

    1 (durar) to extend, last
    ■ el periodo que estudiaremos se extiende entre los siglos XVIII y XIX the period we're going to study goes from the 18th century to the 19th century
    2 (terreno) to stretch
    3 figurado (difundirse) to spread, extend
    4 figurado (al hablar) to enlarge, expand, go into detail
    * * *
    * * *
    VPR
    1) (=propagarse) [tumor, rumor, revolución] to spread (a to)
    2) (=ocupar un espacio) [terreno, cultivo] to stretch, extend; [especie, raza] to extend
    3) (=durar) to last

    el período que se extiende desde principios de siglo hasta los años veinte — the period lasting from the beginning of the century up to the 1920s

    4) (=explayarse)

    extenderse en o sobre — [+ tema, comentarios, respuestas] to expand on

    * * *
    (v.) = spread (over/throughout), gain + currency, spread over, take off, catch on, ricochet, sweep through, sprawl
    Ex. This should illustrate rather dramatically how failure to adopt a single well-defined form of name could spread entries throughout the alphabet.
    Ex. It seems that around this late period of the seventeenth century this usage was beginning to gain currency.
    Ex. Files will have to be spread over two or more disks, and it may not be convenient to divide the file in this way.
    Ex. But at some stage they are going to take off and public librarians will need to be ready to stake their claim to be the most appropriate people to collect and organize local community information.
    Ex. These new technologies are advancing rapidly in Japan and are likely to catch on quickly in other countries.
    Ex. The subsequent changes that threaten to ricochet through the higher education sector can be described as evolutionary.
    Ex. A killer bacteria resistant to antibiotics is sowing panic across Israel as it sweeps through hospitals leaving scores dead.
    Ex. Atlanta, too, has been sprawling outward, with three suburban counties making the nation's top 10 list for fastest rate of population growth.
    * * *
    (v.) = spread (over/throughout), gain + currency, spread over, take off, catch on, ricochet, sweep through, sprawl

    Ex: This should illustrate rather dramatically how failure to adopt a single well-defined form of name could spread entries throughout the alphabet.

    Ex: It seems that around this late period of the seventeenth century this usage was beginning to gain currency.
    Ex: Files will have to be spread over two or more disks, and it may not be convenient to divide the file in this way.
    Ex: But at some stage they are going to take off and public librarians will need to be ready to stake their claim to be the most appropriate people to collect and organize local community information.
    Ex: These new technologies are advancing rapidly in Japan and are likely to catch on quickly in other countries.
    Ex: The subsequent changes that threaten to ricochet through the higher education sector can be described as evolutionary.
    Ex: A killer bacteria resistant to antibiotics is sowing panic across Israel as it sweeps through hospitals leaving scores dead.
    Ex: Atlanta, too, has been sprawling outward, with three suburban counties making the nation's top 10 list for fastest rate of population growth.

    * * *

    ■extenderse verbo reflexivo
    1 (en el tiempo) to extend, last
    2 (en el espacio) to spread out, stretch
    3 (divulgarse) to spread, extend
    4 (hablar mucho tiempo) to go on
    ' extenderse' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    cundir
    - seguir
    - extender
    - ir
    - lado
    English:
    currency
    - enlarge
    - extend
    - fire
    - lie
    - open out
    - permeate
    - range
    - reach
    - set in
    - sprawl
    - spread
    - stretch
    - stretch out
    - sweep
    - tail back
    - unfold
    - span
    - spill
    - wild
    * * *
    vpr
    1. [ocupar]
    extenderse hasta to go as far as;
    extenderse por to stretch o extend across;
    sus tierras se extienden hasta la carretera/por todo el valle his property extends as far as the main road/all the way along the valley
    2. [durar] to extend, to last;
    su etapa de gobierno se extiende desde 1986 a 1994 her period of office extended o lasted from 1986 to 1994
    3. [difundirse] to spread ( por across);
    el incendio se extendió por el bosque the fire spread through the forest;
    el virus se extendió rápidamente por Internet the virus spread quickly over the Internet;
    pon servilletas para que no se extienda la mancha put some paper napkins down so the stain doesn't spread;
    la costumbre se ha extendido a otras zonas del país the custom has spread to other parts of the country
    4. [hablar mucho] to enlarge, to expand (en on);
    no quisiera extenderme más I prefer not to say any more than that
    5. [tenderse] to stretch out
    * * *
    v/r
    1 de campos stretch
    2 de influencia extend
    3 ( difundirse) spread
    4 ( durar) last
    5 ( explayarse) go into detail
    * * *
    vr
    1) : to spread
    2) : to last
    * * *
    1. (ampliarse, difundirse) to spread [pt. & pp. spread]
    2. (en el tiempo) to last
    3. (terreno) to stretch

    Spanish-English dictionary > extenderse

  • 11 acuerdo

    m.
    1 agreement (pacto).
    llegar a un acuerdo to reach (an) agreement
    acuerdo General sobre Aranceles y Comercio General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
    acuerdo tácito tacit agreement
    2 resolution.
    3 settlement of a claim.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: acordar.
    * * *
    1 agreement
    \
    ¡de acuerdo! all right!, O.K.!
    de acuerdo con in accordance with
    de común acuerdo by mutual agreement, by common consent
    estar de acuerdo to agree ( con, with)
    llegar a un acuerdo to come to an agreement
    acuerdo marco framework agreement
    * * *
    noun m.
    agreement, deal, understanding
    - de acuerdo con
    - estar de acuerdo
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=decisión conjunta) agreement; [implícito, informal] understanding; [de negocios] deal

    • de común acuerdo — by mutual agreement, by mutual consent

    • de o por mutuo acuerdo — by mutual agreement, by mutual consent

    • tomar un acuerdo, no tomaron ni un solo acuerdo en la reunión — nothing was agreed on in the meeting

    acuerdo de desarme — disarmament agreement, arms agreement

    acuerdo de pago respectivo — (Com) knock-for-knock agreement, no-fault agreement (EEUU)

    acuerdo tácito — unspoken agreement, tacit agreement

    2)

    • de acuerdo —

    a) [independiente] OK, all right

    sí, de acuerdo — yes, OK, yes, all right

    cada uno pondremos 40 euros ¿de acuerdo? — we'll each put in 40 euros, OK o all right?

    b)

    • estar de acuerdo — to agree, be in agreement frm

    en eso estamos de acuerdo — we agree on that, we're in agreement on that frm

    c)

    • ponerse de acuerdo — to come to an agreement, reach (an) agreement

    aún no nos hemos puesto de acuerdo — we still haven't come to an agreement, we still haven reached (an) agreement

    d)

    • de acuerdo con — according to, in accordance with frm

    todo se hizo de acuerdo con las reglas — everything was done according to o frm in accordance with the regulations

    de acuerdo con el artículo 27 — as laid down in article 27, in accordance with article 27 frm

    de acuerdo con estas fuentes, las dos mujeres fueron secuestradas — according to these sources, the two women were kidnapped

    * * *
    1)
    a) ( arreglo) agreement

    llegar a or alcanzar un acuerdo — to reach an agreement

    b) ( pacto) agreement

    acuerdo de paz — peace agreement o (frml) accord

    a)

    de acuerdo: estar de acuerdo to agree; ponerse de acuerdo to come to o reach an agreement; estar de acuerdo en algo to agree on something; estamos de acuerdo en que... we all agree o we're all agreed that...; estar de acuerdo con alguien/algo to agree with somebody/something; no estoy de acuerdo con pagarle tanto I don't think we should pay him so much; ¿mañana a las ocho? - de acuerdo — (indep) tomorrow at eight? - OK o all right

    b)

    de acuerdo con or a — in accordance with

    * * *
    = agreement, arrangement, compromise, convention, partnership, understanding, covenant, accord, partnering, pact, accommodation, bargaining, settlement.
    Ex. Complete agreement had not been possible, but the numbers of rules where divergent practices were evident is limited.
    Ex. This arrangement is faster than waiting until documents are ordered.
    Ex. A compromise between expressive and non-expressive notation is to be found in the Second Edition of the Bliss Bibliographic Classification Scheme.
    Ex. Enter a concordat, 'modus vivendi', convention, or other formal agreement between the Holy See and a national government or other political jurisdiction under the party whose catalogue entry heading is first in English alphabetic order.
    Ex. The partnership between the CLT and industry is considered in some detail.
    Ex. A basic understanding in the concept of these libraries was the desire to confront the user with shelved books on entering and while moving through the building.
    Ex. The article 'Public library: the Trojan Horse covenant' argues that too much emphasis is now placed on the privatisation of libraries, their transformation into information centres and collections which mirror current demands.
    Ex. Only then, within the framework of inter-institutional accord, will academic library cooperative activities move forward more rapidly and purposefully.
    Ex. These include partnering with: principals, teachers, community members, public librarians and businesses.
    Ex. Issues discussed at some length included problems arising from a recent copyright pact with the USA and how each country can obtain access to the best literature of the other.
    Ex. Whatever structure emerges will be one of accommodation and acceptance by the various stakeholders both in and outside the library.
    Ex. The article is entitled 'Participatory something or other through bargaining'.
    Ex. These settlements require the tobacco companies to make annual payments to the states in perpetuity, with total payments estimated at $246.
    ----
    * aceptar los términos de un acuerdo = enter into + agreement.
    * acuerdo bilateral = bilateral agreement.
    * acuerdo con el fiscal = plea bargaining.
    * acuerdo con el juez = plea bargaining, plea bargaining.
    * acuerdo contractual = contractual agreement.
    * acuerdo de colaboración = collaborative partnership, partnership agreement.
    * acuerdo de cooperación = collaborative partnership.
    * acuerdo de licencia = licensing agreement, licensing arrangement.
    * acuerdo de paz = peace agreement.
    * acuerdo económico = financial arrangement.
    * acuerdo escrito = written agreement.
    * acuerdo financiero = financial arrangement.
    * Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles y Comercio (GATT) = General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
    * acuerdo internacional = modus vivendi.
    * acuerdo legal = legal agreement, legal settlement.
    * acuerdo multilateral = multilateral agreement.
    * acuerdo muto = meeting of (the) minds.
    * acuerdo salarial = salary agreement.
    * acuerdo secreto = secret deal.
    * acuerdo sindical = union contract.
    * acuerdo sobre el precio mínimo de los libros = net book agreement.
    * acuerdo verbal = verbal agreement.
    * alcanzar un acuerdo = reach + agreement, reach + compromise, hammer out + agreement.
    * celebrar un acuerdo = enter into + agreement.
    * cerrar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.
    * compras fuera de acuerdos con proveedores = maverick spending.
    * concertar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.
    * contraer un acuerdo = contract + agreement.
    * creación de acuerdo de colaboración = partnership building.
    * crear un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * críticos + no estar de acuerdo = critics + be divided.
    * cumplir (con) un acuerdo = honour + commitment, honour + agreement, fill + Posesivo + agreement.
    * de acuerdo = okay, granted, all right, in concert, in agreement, okeydokey! [okidoki], in consort.
    * de acuerdo a = according to.
    * de acuerdo con = according to, consistent with, in harmony with, in accordance with, in concert with, in keeping with, in line with, in step with, in tune with, by, pursuant to, in concurrence with, based on, in agreement with, as far as + Sujeto + Verbo, in consonance with, in accord with, judging by, to judge by, in conformity with, judging from.
    * de acuerdo con este documento = hereunder.
    * de acuerdo con esto = accordingly.
    * de acuerdo con la búsqueda de cadenas de caracteres = on a string search basis.
    * de acuerdo con la estación del año = seasonally.
    * de acuerdo con la ley = according to law.
    * de acuerdo con la tendencia hacia = in the trend towards.
    * de acuerdo con + Nombre = as far as + Nombre + be + concerned, going on + Nombre.
    * de acuerdo con + Posesivo + bolsillo = according to + Posesivo + pocket.
    * de acuerdo con + Posesivo + opinión = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.
    * de acuerdo con + Posesivo + parecer = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.
    * de acuerdo con + Pronombre = in + Posesivo + view.
    * dependiendo del acuerdo = subject to + agreement.
    * elaborar un acuerdo = draw up + agreement.
    * establecer un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * estando de acuerdo = approvingly.
    * estar completamente de acuerdo con = agree + wholeheartedly with.
    * estar de acuerdo = approve, be in agreement, concur (with), be agreed.
    * estar de acuerdo con = accord with, conform to, fit, go along with, fit with, be in conformity with, mesh with, jive with.
    * estar de acuerdo (con = see + eye to eye (with/on).
    * estar de acuerdo en que no + estar + de acuerdo = agree to + disagree.
    * estar de acuerdo sobre = agree (on/upon).
    * estar de acuerdo unánimemente = agree on + all hands.
    * estar totalmente de acuerdo con = be all for.
    * firmar acuerdo = write + agreement.
    * firmar un acuerdo = tie + the knot.
    * llegar a acuerdo = make + arrangements.
    * llegar a un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, reach + agreement, make + an undertaking, make + bargain, come to + consensus, reach + understanding, have + meeting of the minds, reach + consensus, hammer out + agreement, develop + compromise, work out + agreement, strike + deal, conclude + deal.
    * negociar un acuerdo = negotiate + agreement.
    * no estar de acuerdo = be at variance, disagree, beg to differ.
    * no estar de acuerdo (con) = disapprove (of).
    * no estar de acuerdo con la idea de = disapprove of + the idea of.
    * ponerse de acuerdo sobre = agree (on/upon).
    * ratificar un acuerdo = ratify + convention.
    * renegociar un acuerdo = renegotiate + agreement.
    * respetar un acuerdo = honour + commitment, honour + agreement.
    * romper un acuerdo = sever + arrangement.
    * si se llega a un acuerdo = subject to + agreement.
    * si todo va de acuerdo a lo planeado = all (other) things being equal.
    * tener acuerdos con = have + deals with.
    * todos + estar de acuerdo = agree on + all hands.
    * vivir de acuerdo con + Posesivo + ideales = live up to + Posesivo + ideals.
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( arreglo) agreement

    llegar a or alcanzar un acuerdo — to reach an agreement

    b) ( pacto) agreement

    acuerdo de paz — peace agreement o (frml) accord

    a)

    de acuerdo: estar de acuerdo to agree; ponerse de acuerdo to come to o reach an agreement; estar de acuerdo en algo to agree on something; estamos de acuerdo en que... we all agree o we're all agreed that...; estar de acuerdo con alguien/algo to agree with somebody/something; no estoy de acuerdo con pagarle tanto I don't think we should pay him so much; ¿mañana a las ocho? - de acuerdo — (indep) tomorrow at eight? - OK o all right

    b)

    de acuerdo con or a — in accordance with

    * * *
    = agreement, arrangement, compromise, convention, partnership, understanding, covenant, accord, partnering, pact, accommodation, bargaining, settlement.

    Ex: Complete agreement had not been possible, but the numbers of rules where divergent practices were evident is limited.

    Ex: This arrangement is faster than waiting until documents are ordered.
    Ex: A compromise between expressive and non-expressive notation is to be found in the Second Edition of the Bliss Bibliographic Classification Scheme.
    Ex: Enter a concordat, 'modus vivendi', convention, or other formal agreement between the Holy See and a national government or other political jurisdiction under the party whose catalogue entry heading is first in English alphabetic order.
    Ex: The partnership between the CLT and industry is considered in some detail.
    Ex: A basic understanding in the concept of these libraries was the desire to confront the user with shelved books on entering and while moving through the building.
    Ex: The article 'Public library: the Trojan Horse covenant' argues that too much emphasis is now placed on the privatisation of libraries, their transformation into information centres and collections which mirror current demands.
    Ex: Only then, within the framework of inter-institutional accord, will academic library cooperative activities move forward more rapidly and purposefully.
    Ex: These include partnering with: principals, teachers, community members, public librarians and businesses.
    Ex: Issues discussed at some length included problems arising from a recent copyright pact with the USA and how each country can obtain access to the best literature of the other.
    Ex: Whatever structure emerges will be one of accommodation and acceptance by the various stakeholders both in and outside the library.
    Ex: The article is entitled 'Participatory something or other through bargaining'.
    Ex: These settlements require the tobacco companies to make annual payments to the states in perpetuity, with total payments estimated at $246.
    * aceptar los términos de un acuerdo = enter into + agreement.
    * acuerdo bilateral = bilateral agreement.
    * acuerdo con el fiscal = plea bargaining.
    * acuerdo con el juez = plea bargaining, plea bargaining.
    * acuerdo contractual = contractual agreement.
    * acuerdo de colaboración = collaborative partnership, partnership agreement.
    * acuerdo de cooperación = collaborative partnership.
    * acuerdo de licencia = licensing agreement, licensing arrangement.
    * acuerdo de paz = peace agreement.
    * acuerdo económico = financial arrangement.
    * acuerdo escrito = written agreement.
    * acuerdo financiero = financial arrangement.
    * Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles y Comercio (GATT) = General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
    * acuerdo internacional = modus vivendi.
    * acuerdo legal = legal agreement, legal settlement.
    * acuerdo multilateral = multilateral agreement.
    * acuerdo muto = meeting of (the) minds.
    * acuerdo salarial = salary agreement.
    * acuerdo secreto = secret deal.
    * acuerdo sindical = union contract.
    * acuerdo sobre el precio mínimo de los libros = net book agreement.
    * acuerdo verbal = verbal agreement.
    * alcanzar un acuerdo = reach + agreement, reach + compromise, hammer out + agreement.
    * celebrar un acuerdo = enter into + agreement.
    * cerrar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.
    * compras fuera de acuerdos con proveedores = maverick spending.
    * concertar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.
    * contraer un acuerdo = contract + agreement.
    * creación de acuerdo de colaboración = partnership building.
    * crear un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * críticos + no estar de acuerdo = critics + be divided.
    * cumplir (con) un acuerdo = honour + commitment, honour + agreement, fill + Posesivo + agreement.
    * de acuerdo = okay, granted, all right, in concert, in agreement, okeydokey! [okidoki], in consort.
    * de acuerdo a = according to.
    * de acuerdo con = according to, consistent with, in harmony with, in accordance with, in concert with, in keeping with, in line with, in step with, in tune with, by, pursuant to, in concurrence with, based on, in agreement with, as far as + Sujeto + Verbo, in consonance with, in accord with, judging by, to judge by, in conformity with, judging from.
    * de acuerdo con este documento = hereunder.
    * de acuerdo con esto = accordingly.
    * de acuerdo con la búsqueda de cadenas de caracteres = on a string search basis.
    * de acuerdo con la estación del año = seasonally.
    * de acuerdo con la ley = according to law.
    * de acuerdo con la tendencia hacia = in the trend towards.
    * de acuerdo con + Nombre = as far as + Nombre + be + concerned, going on + Nombre.
    * de acuerdo con + Posesivo + bolsillo = according to + Posesivo + pocket.
    * de acuerdo con + Posesivo + opinión = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.
    * de acuerdo con + Posesivo + parecer = in + Posesivo + view, in + Posesivo + opinion.
    * de acuerdo con + Pronombre = in + Posesivo + view.
    * dependiendo del acuerdo = subject to + agreement.
    * elaborar un acuerdo = draw up + agreement.
    * establecer un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * estando de acuerdo = approvingly.
    * estar completamente de acuerdo con = agree + wholeheartedly with.
    * estar de acuerdo = approve, be in agreement, concur (with), be agreed.
    * estar de acuerdo con = accord with, conform to, fit, go along with, fit with, be in conformity with, mesh with, jive with.
    * estar de acuerdo (con = see + eye to eye (with/on).
    * estar de acuerdo en que no + estar + de acuerdo = agree to + disagree.
    * estar de acuerdo sobre = agree (on/upon).
    * estar de acuerdo unánimemente = agree on + all hands.
    * estar totalmente de acuerdo con = be all for.
    * firmar acuerdo = write + agreement.
    * firmar un acuerdo = tie + the knot.
    * llegar a acuerdo = make + arrangements.
    * llegar a un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, reach + agreement, make + an undertaking, make + bargain, come to + consensus, reach + understanding, have + meeting of the minds, reach + consensus, hammer out + agreement, develop + compromise, work out + agreement, strike + deal, conclude + deal.
    * negociar un acuerdo = negotiate + agreement.
    * no estar de acuerdo = be at variance, disagree, beg to differ.
    * no estar de acuerdo (con) = disapprove (of).
    * no estar de acuerdo con la idea de = disapprove of + the idea of.
    * ponerse de acuerdo sobre = agree (on/upon).
    * ratificar un acuerdo = ratify + convention.
    * renegociar un acuerdo = renegotiate + agreement.
    * respetar un acuerdo = honour + commitment, honour + agreement.
    * romper un acuerdo = sever + arrangement.
    * si se llega a un acuerdo = subject to + agreement.
    * si todo va de acuerdo a lo planeado = all (other) things being equal.
    * tener acuerdos con = have + deals with.
    * todos + estar de acuerdo = agree on + all hands.
    * vivir de acuerdo con + Posesivo + ideales = live up to + Posesivo + ideals.

    * * *
    A
    1 (arreglo) agreement
    llegar a or alcanzar un acuerdo to reach an agreement
    se separaron de común acuerdo they separated by mutual agreement
    2 (pacto) agreement
    un acuerdo verbal a verbal agreement
    los acuerdos de paz the peace agreements o ( frml) accords
    Compuestos:
    (UE) association agreement
    outline agreement
    prenuptial agreement
    wage settlement
    B ( en locs)
    1
    al final se pusieron de acuerdo in the end they came to o reached an agreement
    de acuerdo EN algo:
    están de acuerdo en todo they agree on everything
    estamos de acuerdo en que va a ser difícil we all agree o we're all agreed that it's going to be difficult
    estar de acuerdo CON algn/algo to agree WITH sb/sth
    sobre ese punto estoy de acuerdo con ellos I agree with them on that point
    no estoy de acuerdo contigo I don't agree with you, I disagree with you
    no estoy de acuerdo con pagarle tanto I don't agree o I disagree with paying him so much
    no estoy de acuerdo con lo que acabas de decir I don't agree with what you've just said
    2
    de acuerdo ( indep) OK, okay
    ¿mañana a las ocho? — de acuerdo tomorrow at eight? — OK o all right
    salimos a las 6 ¿de acuerdo? we leave at 6, OK o okay?
    3
    de acuerdo con or a ( loc prep) in accordance with
    de acuerdo con lo establecido en el contrato in accordance with what is laid down in the contract ( frml), as laid down in the contract
    * * *

     

    Del verbo acordar: ( conjugate acordar)

    acuerdo es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    acordar    
    acuerdo
    acordar ( conjugate acordar) verbo transitivo ‹ términos› to agree;
    ‹precio/fecha› to agree (on)
    ■ verbo intransitivo (Andes) ( recordar) acuerdole a algn de hacer algo/que haga algo to remind sb to do sth
    acordarse verbo pronominal
    to remember;

    acuerdose de algn/algo to remember sb/sth;
    no quiero ni acuerdome I don't even want to think about it;
    acuerdose de hacer algo (de una acción que hay/había que realizar) to remember to do sth;

    ( de una acción que ya se realizó) to remember o recall doing sth;
    ◊ se acordó de haberlo visto allí she remembered o recalled seeing him there;

    acuerdose (de) que … to remember that …
    acuerdo sustantivo masculino
    a) (arreglo, pacto) agreement;

    ◊ llegar a un acuerdo to reach an agreement; acuerdo de paz peace agreement o (frml) accord

    b)


    ponerse de acuerdo to come to o reach an agreement;
    estar de acuerdo en algo to agree on something;
    estar de acuerdo con algn/algo to agree with sb/sth;
    ¿mañana a las ocho? — de acuerdo ( indep) tomorrow at eight? — OK o all right
    c) de acuerdo con or a in accordance with

    acordar verbo transitivo to agree: los sindicatos acordaron convocar una huelga, the trade unions agreed to call a strike ➣ Ver nota en agree
    acuerdo sustantivo masculino
    1 agreement
    acuerdo marco, framework agreement
    2 (conformidad) estoy de acuerdo contigo, I agree with you
    estoy de acuerdo en que es un disparate, I agree that it's ridiculous
    estábamos de acuerdo en vender la casa, we agreed to sell the house
    nunca se ponen de acuerdo, they never agree ➣ Ver nota en agree
    3 excl (asentimiento) ¡de acuerdo!, all right!, O.K.! ➣ Ver nota en all right
    ♦ Locuciones: de acuerdo con, (según) in accordance with
    de común acuerdo, by common consent
    ' acuerdo' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    acordarse
    - aunar
    - bien
    - bilateral
    - botepronto
    - cerrar
    - cierta
    - cierto
    - coincidir
    - compromisaria
    - compromisario
    - compromiso
    - comulgar
    - común
    - concesión
    - conforme
    - cumplir
    - dialogar
    - dinamitar
    - entendimiento
    - entorpecer
    - estar
    - excepto
    - luego
    - misma
    - mismo
    - prematrimonial
    - refrendar
    - saldar
    - según
    - sellar
    - suscribir
    - tácita
    - tácito
    - tardía
    - tardío
    - tratado
    - tripartita
    - tripartito
    - unitaria
    - unitario
    - vendedor
    - vendedora
    - verificarse
    - vulnerar
    - acordar
    - alcanzar
    - aplicar
    - aprobación
    - aprobar
    English:
    accord
    - accordance
    - advantageous
    - affirm
    - agree
    - agreeable
    - agreement
    - all right
    - altogether
    - amicable
    - approve
    - approve of
    - arms control
    - arrangement
    - assent
    - back away
    - beg
    - blank
    - bond
    - compromise
    - concur
    - convenient
    - deadlock
    - deal
    - disagree
    - enter into
    - equitable
    - fall through
    - few
    - formalize
    - fulfillment
    - fulfilment
    - full
    - go along with
    - grant
    - hammer out
    - honourable
    - hope
    - horn
    - how
    - informal
    - issue
    - keep
    - keeping
    - lip
    - long-standing
    - many
    - most
    - OK
    - okay
    * * *
    ♦ nm
    1. [determinación, pacto] agreement;
    un acuerdo verbal a verbal agreement;
    llegar a un acuerdo to reach (an) agreement;
    tomar un acuerdo to make a decision;
    no hubo acuerdo they did not reach (an) agreement;
    de común acuerdo by common consent
    acuerdo arancelario tariff agreement;
    acuerdo comercial trade agreement;
    Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles y Comercio General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade;
    Informát acuerdo de licencia licence agreement;
    acuerdo marco general o framework agreement;
    acuerdo de paz peace agreement o deal;
    Fin acuerdo de recompra repurchase agreement;
    acuerdo salarial pay agreement, pay deal;
    acuerdo tácito tacit agreement
    2. Am [recuerdo]
    hazme acuerdo de comprar pan remind me to buy some bread
    3. Méx [reunión] staff meeting
    ♦ de acuerdo loc adv
    1. [conforme]
    estar de acuerdo (con algo/alguien) to agree (with sth/sb);
    estar de acuerdo en algo to agree on sth;
    estamos de acuerdo en que es necesario encontrar una solución we agree that we have to find a solution;
    ponerse de acuerdo (con alguien) to agree (with sb), to come to an agreement (with sb)
    2. [bien, vale] all right;
    lo traeré mañana – de acuerdo I'll bring it tomorrow – all right o fine;
    de acuerdo, me has convencido, lo haremos a tu manera all right, you've convinced me, we'll do it your way
    3.
    de acuerdo con [conforme a] in accordance with;
    de acuerdo con cifras oficiales… according to official figures…
    * * *
    m
    1 agreement;
    acuerdo comercial trade agreement;
    estar de acuerdo con agree with, be in agreement with;
    llegar a un acuerdo, ponerse de acuerdo come to o reach an agreement ( con with);
    tomar un acuerdo reach an agreement;
    de común acuerdo by mutual agreement;
    ¡de acuerdo! all right!, OK!
    2
    :
    de acuerdo con algo in accordance with sth
    * * *
    1) : agreement
    2)
    estar de acuerdo : to agree
    3)
    de acuerdo con : in accordance with
    4)
    de acuerdo : OK, all right
    * * *
    acuerdo n agreement
    de acuerdo all right / OK

    Spanish-English dictionary > acuerdo

  • 12 aspirante

    adj.
    1 aspiring (person).
    2 aspirant, suction, aspiring.
    f. & m.
    1 candidate.
    un aspirante a actor/político (en deportes, concursos) a would-be actor/politician
    2 applicant, office seeker.
    * * *
    1 suction
    1 candidate, applicant
    \
    bomba aspirante suction pump
    * * *
    noun mf.
    1) applicant, candidate
    * * *
    1. ADJ
    1) [persona] aspiring
    2) (=aspirador)
    2.
    SMF candidate, applicant (a for)
    * * *
    I
    a) < persona>

    aspirante a algo: los alumnos aspirantes a becas — students who wish to be awarded scholarships

    b) < bomba> suction (before n)
    II
    masculino y femenino

    aspirante a algo: las aspirantes al título the contenders for the title; ocho aspirantes al puesto de redactor — eight candidates o applicants for the post of editor

    * * *
    = aspiring, wannabe, challenger, aspirant, hopeful.
    Ex. The idea was to give the 'best and most aspiring poor' the opportunity to improve; the not so good and less aspiring be damned!.
    Ex. However, it is not clear that this is the case with other (actual or wannabe) schools whose aspirations, to be blunt, may be outpacing their assets.
    Ex. They simply must find new ways of storing and retrieving that information more rapidly and more concisely in ways that can compete with the commercial challengers.
    Ex. 'He who pays the piper calls the tune,' said Muiru, a presidential aspirant when asked why his rating was so low on the polls.
    Ex. When asked what advice she might give to curatorial hopefuls, Jones quickly replied: 'Go for it -- There are plenty of opportunities'.
    * * *
    I
    a) < persona>

    aspirante a algo: los alumnos aspirantes a becas — students who wish to be awarded scholarships

    b) < bomba> suction (before n)
    II
    masculino y femenino

    aspirante a algo: las aspirantes al título the contenders for the title; ocho aspirantes al puesto de redactor — eight candidates o applicants for the post of editor

    * * *
    = aspiring, wannabe, challenger, aspirant, hopeful.

    Ex: The idea was to give the 'best and most aspiring poor' the opportunity to improve; the not so good and less aspiring be damned!.

    Ex: However, it is not clear that this is the case with other (actual or wannabe) schools whose aspirations, to be blunt, may be outpacing their assets.
    Ex: They simply must find new ways of storing and retrieving that information more rapidly and more concisely in ways that can compete with the commercial challengers.
    Ex: 'He who pays the piper calls the tune,' said Muiru, a presidential aspirant when asked why his rating was so low on the polls.
    Ex: When asked what advice she might give to curatorial hopefuls, Jones quickly replied: 'Go for it -- There are plenty of opportunities'.

    * * *
    1 ‹persona› aspirante A algo:
    los alumnos aspirantes a becas deberán pasar un segundo examen students who wish to be awarded scholarships will have to take a second exam
    2 ‹bomba› suction ( before n)
    aspirante A algo:
    otra de las aspirantes al título another of the contenders for the title
    los aspirantes al poder aspirants to power ( frml), those who aspire to power
    tenemos ocho aspirantes al puesto de redactor we have eight candidates o applicants for the post of editor
    * * *

    aspirante sustantivo masculino y femenino:

    ocho aspirantes al puesto de redactor eight candidates o applicants for the post of editor
    aspirante mf candidate, applicant

    ' aspirante' also found in these entries:
    English:
    aspirant
    - midshipman
    - would-be
    - contender
    - hopeful
    - would
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    1. [persona] aspiring
    2. [objeto]
    bomba aspirante suction pump
    ♦ nmf
    [candidato] candidate (a for); [en deportes, concursos] contender (a for);
    un aspirante al trono an aspirant to the throne;
    los dos aspirantes a la presidencia the two presidential candidates
    * * *
    I adj aspiring
    II m/f a cargo candidate (a for); a título contender (a for)
    * * *
    : applicant, candidate
    * * *

    Spanish-English dictionary > aspirante

  • 13 diplomatura

    f.
    similar diploma (education).
    * * *
    See:
    * * *
    = bachelor's degree, first degree, honours degree, honours programme, undergraduate programme, honours course, undergraduate major, major, undergraduate degree.
    Ex. He received his bachelor's degree from UCLA and a master's degree in librarianship from Catholic University.
    Ex. Many of these latter types of courses are intended to serve as conversion or re-orientation courses for people with first degree in related subject areas.
    Ex. This paper describes the new honours degree in Applied Social Studies at the Polytechnic of North London.
    Ex. Other educators created honors programs that expanded even more rapidly after World War II.
    Ex. The university is planning a new undergraduate programme in information studies.
    Ex. However, the new department's main success has been with the introduction of an undergraduate single honours course by distance learning.
    Ex. This largish university has more than 20,000 students and offers over 200 undergraduate majors, over 100 master's degree options, and 17 doctoral degree programmes.
    Ex. The longitudinal study suggests that students change majors, select programs, and complete courses that are congruent with their cognitive styles.
    Ex. Political science was the most popular undergraduate degree for lawyers working in all sectors, followed either by education or arts and letters.
    ----
    * biblioteca de diplomatura = undergraduate library.
    * curso de diplomatura = undergraduate course, honours course.
    * diplomatura (en ciencias) = B.Sc. degree (Bachelor of Science).
    * diplomatura en humanidades = B.A. (Bachelor of Arts), B.A. degree.
    * estudiante de diplomatura = undergraduate, undergraduate student, honours student.
    * estudiante posterior a la diplomatura = postgraduate student.
    * relativo a los estudios de diplomatura = undergrad (undergraduate).
    * * *
    diplomatura (en ciencias)
    (n.) = B.Sc. degree (Bachelor of Science)

    Ex: There are more than 20 LIS schools in the Arab world and they grant diplomas, B.Sc. degrees, Master degrees and Ph.D.

    = bachelor's degree, first degree, honours degree, honours programme, undergraduate programme, honours course, undergraduate major, major, undergraduate degree.

    Ex: He received his bachelor's degree from UCLA and a master's degree in librarianship from Catholic University.

    Ex: Many of these latter types of courses are intended to serve as conversion or re-orientation courses for people with first degree in related subject areas.
    Ex: This paper describes the new honours degree in Applied Social Studies at the Polytechnic of North London.
    Ex: Other educators created honors programs that expanded even more rapidly after World War II.
    Ex: The university is planning a new undergraduate programme in information studies.
    Ex: However, the new department's main success has been with the introduction of an undergraduate single honours course by distance learning.
    Ex: This largish university has more than 20,000 students and offers over 200 undergraduate majors, over 100 master's degree options, and 17 doctoral degree programmes.
    Ex: The longitudinal study suggests that students change majors, select programs, and complete courses that are congruent with their cognitive styles.
    Ex: Political science was the most popular undergraduate degree for lawyers working in all sectors, followed either by education or arts and letters.
    * biblioteca de diplomatura = undergraduate library.
    * curso de diplomatura = undergraduate course, honours course.
    * diplomatura (en ciencias) = B.Sc. degree (Bachelor of Science).
    * diplomatura en humanidades = B.A. (Bachelor of Arts), B.A. degree.
    * estudiante de diplomatura = undergraduate, undergraduate student, honours student.
    * estudiante posterior a la diplomatura = postgraduate student.
    * relativo a los estudios de diplomatura = undergrad (undergraduate).

    * * *
    (en Esp) former university qualification, gained after three years
    * * *

    diplomatura f Univ degree: tiene una diplomatura en Biología, he holds a degree in Biology
    ' diplomatura' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    diplomada
    - diplomado
    English:
    degree
    * * *
    Educ diploma [qualification obtained after three years of university study]
    * * *
    f diploma

    Spanish-English dictionary > diplomatura

  • 14 intencionadamente

    adv.
    1 designedly.
    2 intentionally, on purpose, deliberately, by design.
    * * *
    1 intentionally, deliberately
    * * *
    ADV
    1) (=a propósito) deliberately, on purpose
    2) (=con mala intención) nastily
    * * *
    adverbio on purpose, deliberately
    * * *
    = intentionally, purposely, wittingly, purposefully, by design, on purpose, knowingly, wilfully [willfully, -USA], designedly.
    Ex. In the cases where there was no match, we intentionally created a dirty authority file.
    Ex. I have purposely refrained from discussing the theory of comparative librarianship which has up to now characterized much of the writing on the subject.
    Ex. Wittingly or unwittingly, they mask other questions that users do not know how to ask or are uncertain that they want to divulge to someone else.
    Ex. Only then, within the framework of inter-institutional accord, will academic library cooperative activities move forward more rapidly and purposefully.
    Ex. The victims had been herded onto a wooden landing craft by the captain of a Honduras-registered ship who then proceeded, by accident or design, to ram the craft, killing the majority of people aboard.
    Ex. Most consumers felt confident that once a letter is written and posted, no one will read it either accidently or on purpose except for the intended addressee.
    Ex. The ways in which library professionals -- knowingly and unknowingly -- undermine intellectual freedom are discussed = Se analizan las formas en las que los profesionales de las bibliotecas, consciente o inconscientemente, socavan la libertad intelectual.
    Ex. But we are not then acting quite so much out of blindness or inarticulateness; we are selfishly or fearfully or wilfully trying to short-circuit what we know underneath to be more nearly the true state of things.
    Ex. In respect of those defects, the seller may be held liable where he has designedly concealed their existence from the purchaser.
    * * *
    adverbio on purpose, deliberately
    * * *
    = intentionally, purposely, wittingly, purposefully, by design, on purpose, knowingly, wilfully [willfully, -USA], designedly.

    Ex: In the cases where there was no match, we intentionally created a dirty authority file.

    Ex: I have purposely refrained from discussing the theory of comparative librarianship which has up to now characterized much of the writing on the subject.
    Ex: Wittingly or unwittingly, they mask other questions that users do not know how to ask or are uncertain that they want to divulge to someone else.
    Ex: Only then, within the framework of inter-institutional accord, will academic library cooperative activities move forward more rapidly and purposefully.
    Ex: The victims had been herded onto a wooden landing craft by the captain of a Honduras-registered ship who then proceeded, by accident or design, to ram the craft, killing the majority of people aboard.
    Ex: Most consumers felt confident that once a letter is written and posted, no one will read it either accidently or on purpose except for the intended addressee.
    Ex: The ways in which library professionals -- knowingly and unknowingly -- undermine intellectual freedom are discussed = Se analizan las formas en las que los profesionales de las bibliotecas, consciente o inconscientemente, socavan la libertad intelectual.
    Ex: But we are not then acting quite so much out of blindness or inarticulateness; we are selfishly or fearfully or wilfully trying to short-circuit what we know underneath to be more nearly the true state of things.
    Ex: In respect of those defects, the seller may be held liable where he has designedly concealed their existence from the purchaser.

    * * *
    on purpose, deliberately
    * * *

    intencionadamente adverbio on purpose, deliberately
    interrumpió la conversación intencionadamente, he deliberately interrupted the conversation
    ' intencionadamente' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    pisotón
    English:
    intentionally
    - knowingly
    - purposely
    * * *
    deliberately, intentionally, on purpose
    * * *
    intencionadamente adv deliberately / purposely

    Spanish-English dictionary > intencionadamente

  • 15 portal

    adj.
    pylic.
    m.
    1 entrance hall (entrada).
    viven en aquel portal they live at that number
    2 crib, Nativity scene.
    * * *
    \
    el portal de Belén the stable at Bethlehem
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) [de edificio] (=vestíbulo) hallway; (=puerta) front door
    2) [de casa] hall, vestibule frm
    3) (Rel)

    portal de Belén — (=representación navideña) Nativity scene

    el portal de Belén — (Biblia) the stable at Bethlehem

    4) (Dep) goal
    5) [de muralla] gate
    6) (Internet) portal
    7) pl portales (=soportales) arcade sing
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( de casa - entrada) doorway; (- vestíbulo) hall
    b) (de iglesia, palacio) portal
    c) ( en muralla) gate

    el portal de Belén — (Bib) the stable at Bethlehem

    2) portales masculino plural ( soportales) arcade
    * * *
    = doorway, portal, Web site [website], site, search engine, subject gateway, gateway, portal site, gateway site, metasite.
    Ex. Heads started appearing in the doorway, muttering, 'Oh! So this is the library'.
    Ex. Portals are those Web sites which tend to be the starting points for Internet users and are the most intensively used consumer Web sites in the world.
    Ex. Generally speaking, people who post information at Web sites intend to make it freely available.
    Ex. However, as phone systems improve, you can expect this to change too; more and more, you'll see smaller sites (even individuals home systems) connecting to the Internet.
    Ex. The number of World Wide Web (WWW) databases or search engines has grown rapidly = El total de bases de datos o buscadores World Wide Web ha aumentado rápidamente.
    Ex. Subject gateways are Internet-based services designed to help users locate 'high quality' information that is available on the Internet and consists typically of a database describing Internet resources and offering hyperlinks to them.
    Ex. One of the roles of the local library is to act as a gateway to other information sources.
    Ex. The author presents a view of portal sites as a radically different model from those currently embraced by traditional information companies.
    Ex. The search engines are attempting to become portal or gateway sites, keeping visitors for longer.
    Ex. The article 'Virtual holiday excursions' covers metasites, holiday sites, virtual travel, pleasure reading, odd ball sites, personal psychology, personal ads, and fortune telling.
    ----
    * módulo de aceso de un portal = portlet.
    * portal de Internet = Web portal, Internet portal, web-based research guide.
    * portales = portal.
    * portal temático = subject guide, subject portal.
    * portal vertical = vortal (vertical portal).
    * portal web = Web portal, Web guide.
    * ventana de un portal = portlet.
    * * *
    1)
    a) ( de casa - entrada) doorway; (- vestíbulo) hall
    b) (de iglesia, palacio) portal
    c) ( en muralla) gate

    el portal de Belén — (Bib) the stable at Bethlehem

    2) portales masculino plural ( soportales) arcade
    * * *
    = doorway, portal, Web site [website], site, search engine, subject gateway, gateway, portal site, gateway site, metasite.

    Ex: Heads started appearing in the doorway, muttering, 'Oh! So this is the library'.

    Ex: Portals are those Web sites which tend to be the starting points for Internet users and are the most intensively used consumer Web sites in the world.
    Ex: Generally speaking, people who post information at Web sites intend to make it freely available.
    Ex: However, as phone systems improve, you can expect this to change too; more and more, you'll see smaller sites (even individuals home systems) connecting to the Internet.
    Ex: The number of World Wide Web (WWW) databases or search engines has grown rapidly = El total de bases de datos o buscadores World Wide Web ha aumentado rápidamente.
    Ex: Subject gateways are Internet-based services designed to help users locate 'high quality' information that is available on the Internet and consists typically of a database describing Internet resources and offering hyperlinks to them.
    Ex: One of the roles of the local library is to act as a gateway to other information sources.
    Ex: The author presents a view of portal sites as a radically different model from those currently embraced by traditional information companies.
    Ex: The search engines are attempting to become portal or gateway sites, keeping visitors for longer.
    Ex: The article 'Virtual holiday excursions' covers metasites, holiday sites, virtual travel, pleasure reading, odd ball sites, personal psychology, personal ads, and fortune telling.
    * módulo de aceso de un portal = portlet.
    * portal de Internet = Web portal, Internet portal, web-based research guide.
    * portales = portal.
    * portal temático = subject guide, subject portal.
    * portal vertical = vortal (vertical portal).
    * portal web = Web portal, Web guide.
    * ventana de un portal = portlet.

    * * *
    A
    1 (de una casa — entrada) doorway; (— vestíbulo) hall
    2 (de una iglesia, un palacio) portal
    el portal de Belén ( Bib) the stable at Bethlehem
    C ( Inf) portal
    * * *

     

    portal sustantivo masculino

    (— vestíbulo) hall
    b) (de iglesia, palacio) portal


    portal sustantivo masculino
    1 (puerta de la calle) main door
    (de una finca) gateway
    2 (recinto de entrada) entrance hall
    ' portal' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    pórtico
    - risa
    - telefonillo
    - farol
    * * *
    portal nm
    1. [entrada] entrance hall;
    [puerta] main door;
    viven en aquel portal they live at that number
    2. [belén] crib, Nativity scene;
    el portal de Belén the stable at Bethlehem
    3. Informát [página Web] portal
    * * *
    m
    1 de casa, pisos foyer
    2 ( entrada) doorway
    3 INFOR portal
    * * *
    portal nm
    1) : portal, doorway
    2) vestíbulo: vestibule, hall
    * * *
    portal n entrance hall

    Spanish-English dictionary > portal

  • 16 Empire, Portuguese overseas

    (1415-1975)
       Portugal was the first Western European state to establish an early modern overseas empire beyond the Mediterranean and perhaps the last colonial power to decolonize. A vast subject of complexity that is full of myth as well as debatable theories, the history of the Portuguese overseas empire involves the story of more than one empire, the question of imperial motives, the nature of Portuguese rule, and the results and consequences of empire, including the impact on subject peoples as well as on the mother country and its society, Here, only the briefest account of a few such issues can be attempted.
       There were various empires or phases of empire after the capture of the Moroccan city of Ceuta in 1415. There were at least three Portuguese empires in history: the First empire (1415-1580), the Second empire (1580-1640 and 1640-1822), and the Third empire (1822-1975).
       With regard to the second empire, the so-called Phillipine period (1580-1640), when Portugal's empire was under Spanish domination, could almost be counted as a separate era. During that period, Portugal lost important parts of its Asian holdings to England and also sections of its colonies of Brazil, Angola, and West Africa to Holland's conquests. These various empires could be characterized by the geography of where Lisbon invested its greatest efforts and resources to develop territories and ward off enemies.
       The first empire (1415-1580) had two phases. First came the African coastal phase (1415-97), when the Portuguese sought a foothold in various Moroccan cities but then explored the African coast from Morocco to past the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. While colonization and sugar farming were pursued in the Atlantic islands, as well as in the islands in the Gulf of Guinea like São Tomé and Príncipe, for the most part the Portuguese strategy was to avoid commitments to defending or peopling lands on the African continent. Rather, Lisbon sought a seaborne trade empire, in which the Portuguese could profit from exploiting trade and resources (such as gold) along the coasts and continue exploring southward to seek a sea route to Portuguese India. The second phase of the first empire (1498-1580) began with the discovery of the sea route to Asia, thanks to Vasco da Gama's first voyage in 1497-99, and the capture of strong points, ports, and trading posts in order to enforce a trade monopoly between Asia and Europe. This Asian phase produced the greatest revenues of empire Portugal had garnered, yet ended when Spain conquered Portugal and commanded her empire as of 1580.
       Portugal's second overseas empire began with Spanish domination and ran to 1822, when Brazil won her independence from Portugal. This phase was characterized largely by Brazilian dominance of imperial commitment, wealth in minerals and other raw materials from Brazil, and the loss of a significant portion of her African and Asian coastal empire to Holland and Great Britain. A sketch of Portugal's imperial losses either to native rebellions or to imperial rivals like Britain and Holland follows:
       • Morocco (North Africa) (sample only)
       Arzila—Taken in 1471; evacuated in 1550s; lost to Spain in 1580, which returned city to a sultan.
       Ceuta—Taken in 1415; lost to Spain in 1640 (loss confirmed in 1668 treaty with Spain).
       • Tangiers—Taken in 15th century; handed over to England in 1661 as part of Catherine of Braganza's dowry to King Charles II.
       • West Africa
       • Fort/Castle of São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (in what is now Ghana)—Taken in 1480s; lost to Holland in 1630s.
       • Middle East
       Socotra-isle—Conquered in 1507; fort abandoned in 1511; used as water resupply stop for India fleet.
       Muscat—Conquered in 1501; lost to Persians in 1650.
       Ormuz—Taken, 1505-15 under Albuquerque; lost to England, which gave it to Persia in the 17th century.
       Aden (entry to Red Sea) — Unsuccessfully attacked by Portugal (1513-30); taken by Turks in 1538.
       • India
       • Ceylon (Sri Lanka)—Taken by 1516; lost to Dutch after 1600.
       • Bombay—Taken in 16th century; given to England in 1661 treaty as part of Catherine of Braganza's dowry for Charles II.
       • East Indies
       • Moluccas—Taken by 1520; possession confirmed in 1529 Saragossa treaty with Spain; lost to Dutch after 1600; only East Timor remaining.
       After the restoration of Portuguese independence from Spain in 1640, Portugal proceeded to revive and strengthen the Anglo- Portuguese Alliance, with international aid to fight off further Spanish threats to Portugal and drive the Dutch invaders out of Brazil and Angola. While Portugal lost its foothold in West Africa at Mina to the Dutch, dominion in Angola was consolidated. The most vital part of the imperial economy was a triangular trade: slaves from West Africa and from the coasts of Congo and Angola were shipped to plantations in Brazil; raw materials (sugar, tobacco, gold, diamonds, dyes) were sent to Lisbon; Lisbon shipped Brazil colonists and hardware. Part of Portugal's War of Restoration against Spain (1640-68) and its reclaiming of Brazil and Angola from Dutch intrusions was financed by the New Christians (Jews converted to Christianity after the 1496 Manueline order of expulsion of Jews) who lived in Portugal, Holland and other low countries, France, and Brazil. If the first empire was mainly an African coastal and Asian empire, the second empire was primarily a Brazilian empire.
       Portugal's third overseas empire began upon the traumatic independence of Brazil, the keystone of the Lusitanian enterprise, in 1822. The loss of Brazil greatly weakened Portugal both as a European power and as an imperial state, for the scattered remainder of largely coastal, poor, and uncolonized territories that stretched from the bulge of West Africa to East Timor in the East Indies and Macau in south China were more of a financial liability than an asset. Only two small territories balanced their budgets occasionally or made profits: the cocoa islands of São Tomé and Príncipe in the Gulf of Guinea and tiny Macau, which lost much of its advantage as an entrepot between the West and the East when the British annexed neighboring Hong Kong in 1842. The others were largely burdens on the treasury. The African colonies were strapped by a chronic economic problem: at a time when the slave trade and then slavery were being abolished under pressures from Britain and other Western powers, the economies of Guinea- Bissau, São Tomé/Príncipe, Angola, and Mozambique were totally dependent on revenues from the slave trade and slavery. During the course of the 19th century, Lisbon began a program to reform colonial administration in a newly rejuvenated African empire, where most of the imperial efforts were expended, by means of replacing the slave trade and slavery, with legitimate economic activities.
       Portugal participated in its own early version of the "Scramble" for Africa's interior during 1850-69, but discovered that the costs of imperial expansion were too high to allow effective occupation of the hinterlands. After 1875, Portugal participated in the international "Scramble for Africa" and consolidated its holdings in west and southern Africa, despite the failure of the contra-costa (to the opposite coast) plan, which sought to link up the interiors of Angola and Mozambique with a corridor in central Africa. Portugal's expansion into what is now Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe (eastern section) in 1885-90 was thwarted by its oldest ally, Britain, under pressure from interest groups in South Africa, Scotland, and England. All things considered, Portugal's colonizing resources and energies were overwhelmed by the African empire it possessed after the frontier-marking treaties of 1891-1906. Lisbon could barely administer the massive area of five African colonies, whose total area comprised about 8 percent of the area of the colossal continent. The African territories alone were many times the size of tiny Portugal and, as of 1914, Portugal was the third colonial power in terms of size of area possessed in the world.
       The politics of Portugal's empire were deceptive. Lisbon remained obsessed with the fear that rival colonial powers, especially Germany and Britain, would undermine and then dismantle her African empire. This fear endured well into World War II. In developing and keeping her potentially rich African territories (especially mineral-rich Angola and strategically located Mozambique), however, the race against time was with herself and her subject peoples. Two major problems, both chronic, prevented Portugal from effective colonization (i.e., settling) and development of her African empire: the economic weakness and underdevelopment of the mother country and the fact that the bulk of Portuguese emigration after 1822 went to Brazil, Venezuela, the United States, and France, not to the colonies. These factors made it difficult to consolidate imperial control until it was too late; that is, until local African nationalist movements had organized and taken the field in insurgency wars that began in three of the colonies during the years 1961-64.
       Portugal's belated effort to revitalize control and to develop, in the truest sense of the word, Angola and Mozambique after 1961 had to be set against contemporary events in Europe, Africa, and Asia. While Portugal held on to a backward empire, other European countries like Britain, France, and Belgium were rapidly decolonizing their empires. Portugal's failure or unwillingness to divert the large streams of emigrants to her empire after 1850 remained a constant factor in this question. Prophetic were the words of the 19th-century economist Joaquim Oliveira Martins, who wrote in 1880 that Brazil was a better colony for Portugal than Africa and that the best colony of all would have been Portugal itself. As of the day of the Revolution of 25 April 1974, which sparked the final process of decolonization of the remainder of Portugal's third overseas empire, the results of the colonization program could be seen to be modest compared to the numbers of Portuguese emigrants outside the empire. Moreover, within a year, of some 600,000 Portuguese residing permanently in Angola and Mozambique, all but a few thousand had fled to South Africa or returned to Portugal.
       In 1974 and 1975, most of the Portuguese empire was decolonized or, in the case of East Timor, invaded and annexed by a foreign power before it could consolidate its independence. Only historic Macau, scheduled for transfer to the People's Republic of China in 1999, remained nominally under Portuguese control as a kind of footnote to imperial history. If Portugal now lacked a conventional overseas empire and was occupied with the challenges of integration in the European Union (EU), Lisbon retained another sort of informal dependency that was a new kind of empire: the empire of her scattered overseas Portuguese communities from North America to South America. Their numbers were at least six times greater than that of the last settlers of the third empire.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Empire, Portuguese overseas

  • 17 pass

    pɑ:s
    1. гл.
    1) идти;
    проходить, проезжать( by - мимо чего-л.), (along - вдоль чего-л.), (across, over - через что-л.) Pass right along, please! ≈ Проходите мимо, пожалуйста! She never passes without stopping to say hello. ≈ Она никогда не проходит мимо, чтобы не поздороваться. The guard allowed the visitor to pass. ≈ Охранники разрешили посетителям пройти. Syn: go by, go on, go past, go ahead, move onward, progress, proceed
    2) а) пересекать, переходить, переезжать;
    переправляться б) переправлять, перевозить
    3) а) превращаться, переходить ( из одного состояния в другое) It has passed into a proverb. ≈ Это вошло в поговорку. б) переходить (из одних рук в другие)
    4) происходить, случаться, иметь место I saw (heard) what was passing. ≈ Я видел (слышал), что происходило. Whether or not this comes to pass. ≈ В любом случае это имеет место.
    5) произносить
    6) а) обгонять, опережать б) превышать, выходить за пределы Dick has already passed his father in height. ≈ Дик уже превзошел отца в росте.
    7) а) выдержать, пройти (испытание, тест и т. п.) ;
    удовлетворять( требованиям) to pass the tests ≈ пройти испытание pass standards ≈ удовлетворять нормам б) ставить зачет;
    пропускать( экзаменующегося)
    8) проводить, коротать (время, лето и т. п.) Mother passes her time knitting. ≈ Мама все время вяжет.
    9) а) проходить, кончаться;
    прекращаться Time passes quickly on vacation. ≈ На отдыхе время проходит быстро. Wait for the rain to pass. ≈ Подожди, пока пройдет дождь. б) выходить из употребления, исчезать to pass out of use ≈ выходить из употребления
    10) передавать Please pass me the salt. ≈ Передай мне, пожалуйста, соль. Pass the news along. ≈ Передай эту новость дальше.
    11) а) принимать (закон, резолюцию и т. п.) б) быть принятым, получать одобрение( законодательного органа) Congress is expected to pass the bill. ≈ Конгресс собирается утвердить закон.
    12) а) выносить (решение, приговор) (upon, on) б) быть вынесенным (о приговоре) The verdict passed for the plaintiff. ≈ Решение было вынесено в пользу истца.
    13) а) пускать в обращение б) быть в обращении, иметь хождение (о деньгах) This coin will not pass. ≈ Эту монету не примут.
    14) мелькнуть, появиться A change passed over his countenance. ≈ У него изменилось выражение лица.
    15) пропускать;
    опускать
    16) кончаться, умирать( обыкн. pass hence, pass from among us, etc.)
    17) проходить незамеченным, сходить
    18) проводить (рукой) He passed his hand across his forehead. ≈ Он провел рукой по лбу.
    19) просматривать (документ и т. п.) pass your eyes/glance over this letter ≈ просмотрите это письмо
    20) карт.;
    спорт пасовать
    21) спорт делать выпад( в фехтовании)
    22) давать (слово, клятву, обещание)
    23) амер. не объявлять( дивиденды)
    24) мед. иметь (стул) ;
    испускать( мочу) ∙ pass away pass back pass between pass by pass down pass for pass from pass in pass into pass off pass on pass out pass over pass round pass through pass under pass up a lot of water has passed under the bridge ≈ (с того времени) утекло много воды pass on the torch
    2. сущ.
    1) а) проход;
    путь б) перен. путь, подход( к чему-л.)
    2) переулок, узкая улица
    3) ущелье;
    перевал Syn: mountain pass, gap, gorge, canyon
    4) фарватер, пролив, судоходный канал
    5) проход для рыбы в плотине
    6) проходной балл;
    зачет
    7) пропуск, бесплатный билет, контрамарка
    8) пасс (движение рук гипнотизера) ;
    фокус
    9) а) карт.;
    спорт пас, бросок to block a pass ≈ блокировать бросок to complete, throw a pass ≈ делать, выполнять бросок to intercept a pass ≈ перехватить передачу forward pass ≈ пас нападающего incomplete pass ≈ нерезультативный бросок lateral pass ≈ боковой бросок touchdown pass ≈ гол (в регби) б) выпад( в фехтовании)
    10) (критическое) положение Things have come to a pretty pass. ≈ Дела приняли скверный оборот.
    11) воен. разрешение не присутствовать на поверке;
    амер. отпуск The soldier had a weekend pass. ≈ Солдат получил недельный отпуск.
    12) метал. калибр, ручей валка ∙ hold the pass pass in review проход;
    путь - the guide showed us the * through the wood проводник показал нам путь через лес путь, подход, ключ( к чему-либо) - she found the * to his heart она нашла ключ к его сердцу канал - the government's power to shut and open the *es of trade полномочия правительства открывть и закрывать каналы торговли проход, узкая улица, переулок;
    проулок - a narrow * with low houses узкий проход между невысокими домами ущелье, дефиле, перевал, седловина - a mountain * горный перевал - the P. of Thermopylae( историческое) Фермопильское ущелье - wooded * лесистое ущелье - the height of the * is... высота перевала... - a house on a * домик на перевале - a * over Andes перевал через Анды( военное) стратегическое укрепление, высота - they defended the * of the bridge они обороняли предмостное укрепление( военное) форт, крепость в горах фарватер, пролив, судоходное русло, судоходный канал рыбоход( редкое) брод, переезд( на реке) (горное) проход, пропускное отверстие;
    скат, ходок для людей калибр или ручей валка( горное) топографическая съемка (авиация) неточно рассчитанный заход на посадку( авиация) прохождение, пролет( самолета) - close * пролет на небольшом расстоянии, близкий пролет - satellite * прохождение спутника через заданную точку переход (из одного состояния в другое) - * of heat теплопередача, переход тепла смерть - sudden * внезапная смерть( карточное) пас > a * in review( военное) прохождение торжественным маршем > to gain the * защищать свое дело > to sell the * (книжное) предать своих сторонников, свое дело идти;
    проходить;
    проезжать - to * on the line идти по прямой (легкая атлетика) - to see smb. * видеть, как кто-то проходит - to * into the room пройти в комнату - please let me * пожалуйста, дайте мне пройти - we *ed through the town without stopping мы проехали через город не останавливаясь - the river *es southward река течет на юг - the road *es close to the village дорога проходит недалеко от деревни - we *ed along the river мы шли вдоль реки проходить мимо, миновать - to * smb. in the street встретить кого-либо на улице - to * a building пройти мимо здания - to * a station проехать мимо станции (не останавливаясь) - did you * him on the road? вы не встретили его по дороге? - he had *ed sixteen ему минуло шестнадцать лет - he has *ed the fifty mark (разговорное) ему перевалило за пятьдесят обгонять (о машине, водителе) пройти (мимо), пропустить, прозевать - to * the turning проехать поворот( дороги) - to * the stop пропустить остановку не обратить внимания, пренебречь (тж. * by) - to * by in silence обходить молчанием - we may * these details мы можем опустить эти детали - but let that * не будем об этом говорить - his rude remark *ed without rebuke его грубое замечание не встретило отпора - I can't * the matter by without making a protest я не могу не выразить протеста по этому поводу пройти незамеченным, сойти (тж. * unheeded, unnoticed или unobserved) - his remark *ed unheeded никто не обратил внимание на его замечание - the statement was allowed to * unchallenged никто не выступил против его заявления;
    никто ему не возражал проходить (через что-либо), переезжать;
    пересекать, переправляться - to * an ocean пересекать океан - to * the gates пройти (через) ворота - the steamer *ed Gibraltar пароход прошел Гибралтар перевозить, проводить (через что-либо) - the barks *ed horses and munitions на барках перевозили лошадей и снаряжение - a canal sufficient to * boats of 25 tons канал, через который могут пройти суда водоизмещением в 25 тонн просовывать - to * one's hand between iron bars просунуть руку между железными прутьями - to * the thread through the eye of the needle вдеть нитку в иголку передавать (тж. * over) - * me the butter, please пожалуйста, передайте мне масло - read the book and * it to my brother прочтите книгу и передайте ее моему брату - they *ed buckets of water from hand to hand они передавали ведра с водой из рук в руки - the letter was *ed round the table письмо обошло весь стол - the news *ed round the hall новость мгновенно облетела всех в зале - * the word to reduce the weight of the load скажите, чтобы уменьшили вес груза (спортивное) передавать, пасовать (карточное) пасовать, объявлять пас (to, into) переходить - to * to the next item on the agenda переходить к следующему пункту повестки дня - to * to smb. переходть к кому-либо - the business *ed into other hands предприятие перешло в другие руки - the manuscript *ed into the hands of a specialist рукопись попала в руки специалиста - it has *ed into a proverb это вошло в пословицу - to * to the reserve( военное) переходить в запас - to * from joy to tears то радоваться, то плакать - in descending the mountain we *ed from snow to rain спускаясь с горы, мы попали из снега в дождь - hey *! иди! (восклицание фокусника, когда вещь якобы должна перейти в другое место) превращаться, переходить из одного состояния в другое - to * into solution переходить в раствор - a substance *es from a solid to a liquid state вещество переходит из твердого состояния в жидкое - when water boils it *es into steam когда вода кипит, она превращается в пар переходить или передаваться по наследству (тж. * over) - the estate *ed to his heirs имение перешло к его наследникам - his title *ed to his eldest son его титул был унаследован старшим сыном идти, проходить, протекать (о времени) - a fortnight *ed прошло две недели - the years * rapidly годы быстро летят - how quick time *es как быстро летит время - generations will * сменится много поколений - we have *ed the early stage of our work первый этап нашей работы уже завершен (про-) мелькнуть, появиться - a cloud *ed across the sun тучка на мгновение закрыла солнце - a blush *ed across her face она покраснела - a change *ed over his face он переменился в лице - a smile *ed over her lips на ее губах промелькнула улыбка пройти;
    исчезнуть;
    прекратиться (тж. * off) - the pain soon *ed боль скоро прошла - his anger soon *ed его гнев быстро прошел - the old customs are *ing старые обычаи уходят в прошлое - all things must * все преходяще;
    все проходит подходить, годиться - this part of your article will * эта часть вашей статьи пройдет - the trick will not * фокус не пройдет происходить, случаться, иметь место - did you see what was *ing? вы видели, что случилось? выходить за пределы;
    быть выше - to * the $1,000 mark превысить 1000 долларов - it *es my understanding это выше моего понимания - it *es belief этому нельзя поверить;
    это невероятно - he did not * the of his faculties он не вышел за рамки своих возможностей - the grief that *es show горе, которое нельзя выразить словами ответить на (какое-либо) действие тем же действием, обменяться( приветствиями, взглядами) - to * greetings обменяться приветствиями - to * offices обменяться услугами - the articles *ing between the two countries товары, которыми обмениваются эти две страны - some blows *ed between them они подрались - words *ed between them они поссорились - no words *ed between them они не обменялись ни словом - the correspondence that has *ed between us переписка, в которой мы состояли - tell me everything that *ed between you расскажите мне подробно, что произошло между вами проводить (время, день;
    тж. * away) - to * the time проводить время - what can we do to * the time? как (бы) нам провести время? - to * a pleasant evening приятно провести вечер - to * an anxious day провести день в тревоге - to * the spring in the south провести весну на юге проводить (щеткой, рукой) - to * a hand over one's eye провести рукой по глазам - she *ed a comb through her hair она провела гребнем по волосам - to * a sweeper over the floor провести щеткой по полу - to * a wet sponge over smth. провести мокрой губкой по чему-либо;
    стереть память о чем-либо, забыть что-либо - he *ed a wet sponge over his early life он постарался забыть свою прошлую жизнь удовлетворять (требованиям, нормам) - to * the standards удовлетворять нормам пройти (испытание) - to * the tests пройти испытание выдержать, сдать( экзамен) - to * exams with distinction сдать экзамены с отличием - he *ed the entrance examination он сдал вступительный экзамен - he *ed in geography он сдал экзамен по географии - to * master получить звание магистра, главы колледжа ставить( зачет) ;
    пропустить (экзаменующегося) - don't be afraid, we shall* you не бойтесь, мы вам поставим зачет пройти (цензуру, досмотр) - to * the censor проходить через цензуру - to* the customs пройти таможенный досмотр пропустить (через цензуру) - the officer *ed my bag таможенный чиновник пропустил мой чемодан - he had *ed for the press all the sheets of hte book он подписал к печати все листы книги утверждать (план, расход) - to * an invoice утвердить счет - to * an item of expenditure провести статью расхода - the scheme was *ed by the council план получил одобрение совета - the boiler was *ed by the surveyor котел был принят инспектором принимать (решение, резолюцию, закон) - to * a bill принимать закон - the majority will * the bill законопроект пройдет большинством голосов - the village was *ed to be a township by the Council совет принял решение считать эту деревню городом быть принятым, получить одобрение (о законе) - the bill *ed the House of Commons палата общин утвердила законопроект - the bill *ed the committee законопроект прошел через комиссию выносить (приговор, решение) - to * sentence upon smb. вынести приговор кому-либо - the court *ed sentence on him today суд сегодня вынес приговор по его делу быть вынесенным - the judgement *ed for the plaintiff решение было в пользу истца высказывать (суждение) ;
    делать (замечание) - to * an opinion on smth. высказать мнение по поводу чего-либо - I can't * an opinion on your work without examining it thoroughly я не могу высказать своего мнения о вашей работе, не прочитав ее внимательно - to * a remark сделать замечание - to * censure upon smb., smth. критиковать кого-либо, что-либо, сделать замечание кому-либо, по поводу чего-либо пускать в обращение (деньги, обыкн. фальшивые) - he was arrested for *ing forged notes его арестовали за то, что он распространял фальшивые деньги быть в обращении, иметь хождение ( о деньгах) - a Bank of England note used to * anywhere раньше банкнота Английского банка имела хождение везде - this coin will not * эту монету не примут (from) отходить, уклоняться( от принципов, курса) - to * from a course отклониться от своего пути( from) умереть, отойти - there has *ed from among us a man who held a high position in English literature от нас ушел человек, произведения которого занимают значительное место в английской литературе (through) испытывать (лишения, трудности) - they were *ing through troubled times они переживали тревожное время (for) сойти (за кого-либо) ;
    слыть (кем-либо) - he *ed for my brother его приняли за моего брата - he was forty but he might have *ed for younger ему было сорок, но можно было дать меньше - in this small town he *ed for a man of considerable means в этом маленьком городке он слыл зажиточным человеком пропускать, протягивать( веревку) ;
    обвязывать( веревкой) - to * a rope round a pack обвязать тюк веревкой - to * a rope round a cask обмотать бочонок канатом - they *ed a rope round the calf's hind legs они связали веревкой задние ноги теленка (американизм) открывать( ключом) - all these doors should be *ed with one key все эти двери должны открываться одним ключом пронзить, проткнуть( кинжалом, шпагой) - he *ed his sword through his enemy's body он пронзил своим мечом тело врага - a bullet *ed through his shoulder пуля прошла через плечо делать выпад, нападать (фехтование) (спортивное) брать (препятствие) - to * a hurdle взять барьер делать пассы (в фокусах) (юридическое) изготовить, оформить( документ) плутовать( в картах) (медицина) иметь (стул) (медицина) испускать (мочу) - to * urine мочиться не объявить выплату (регулярного дивиденда) - to * a dividend( американизм) не назначить дивиденда - concerns which not only *ed dividends but went bankrupt концерны, которые не только не выплатили дивиденды, но и обанкротились выдавать себя за белого (о мулате, квартероне) ;
    скрывать свое негритянское происхождение > to * by the name of... быть известным под именем..., называться... > he *ed by the name of Smith он был известен под именем Смит > to * one's promise дать обещание > to * one's word давать слово > he *ed his word of honour он дал честное слово > to * one's word for smb., smth. поручиться за кого-либо, что-либо > to * a bold jest отпустить смелую шутку > to * the lips произносить > don't let it * your lips об этом ни слова > no complaints *ed his lips он никогда не жаловался > no food has *ed my lips since the morning у меня во рту маковой росинки с утра не было > to * current иметь денежную стоимость;
    быть обычным, общепринятым;
    распространяться как слух > to * troops in review проводить смотр войск > to * on the torch передавать знания > to * the time of day (устаревшее) поздороваться > to * (a) good morning (устаревшее) пожелать доброго утра, поздороваться > to * in the checks (сленг) умереть > to * the buck (американизм) (сленг) свалить ответственность( на кого-либо) сдача экзамена без отличия посредственная оценка;
    проходной балл, зачет - she got a bare * она получила только переходной балл оценка "посредственно" (3 балла в фигурном катании) (трудное, критическое) положение или состояние - to be at a critical * быть в критическом положении - to bring things to a desperate * довести до крайности - to bring wonders to * делать чудеса - to come to * происходить, случаться - that things should have come to this *! как можно было довести это до такого состояния! - things have come to a strange * дела приняли странный оборот пасс, движение рук (гипнотизера, фокусника) фокус - to perform a * сделать фокус - he performed most difficult *es он выполнял самые сложные фокусы (устаревшее) остроумная выходка, выпад ( спортивное) передача, пас - bounce * передача с отскоком мяча (баскетбол) - head * передача головой - back * передача назад - low * передача низом - wing * передача на край - criss-cross *es перекрестные передачи - cross * поперечная передача - drop * короткая передача назад - flip * "подброшенная" передача - * out передача на край - a clever * to the forward удачный пас нападающему - to intercept a * перехватить передачу - to make a * передавать (мяч), делать передачу;
    нанести удар рапирой выпад (фехтование) > to make the * плутовать при снятии колоды > to make a * at smb. делать выпад против кого-либо;
    пытаться ухаживать( за женщиной) пропуск, паспорт - libriary * читательский билет - security * пропуск, выданный службой безопасности - he got his * and health certificate он получил свой паспорт и справку о состоянии здоровья пароль - to sell the * продать пароль (неприятелю) ;
    выдать тайну, стать предателем (военное) разрешение не присутствовать на поверке;
    отпускной билет;
    увольнительная( военное) (американизм) краткосрочный отпуск - a soldier on a * солдат, имеющий краткосрочный отпуск бесплатный билет;
    контрамарка - a (free) * бесплатный железнодорожный билет - a free * to a show контрамарка на концерт - admission * входной билет - a bus * проездной билет на автобус - a season * сезонный билет - to grant smb. a free * on the railway выдать кому-либо бесплатный железнодорожный билет - to hold a * иметь бесплатный проездной билет сокр. от passenger ~ быть принятым, получать одобрение (законодательного органа) ;
    the bill passed the Commons палата общин утвердила законопроект ~ (критическое) положение;
    to bring to pass совершать, осуществлять;
    to come to pass произойти, случиться ~ проходить незамеченным, сходить;
    but let that pass не будем об этом говорить;
    that won't pass это недопустимо ~ мелькнуть, появиться;
    a change passed over his countenance у него изме-нилось выражение лица ~ (критическое) положение;
    to bring to pass совершать, осуществлять;
    to come to pass произойти, случиться ~ произносить;
    few words passed было мало сказано free ~ бесплатный проездной билет free ~ свободный проход ~ превышать, выходить за пределы;
    he has passed sixteen ему уже больше шестнадцати;
    it passes my comprehension это выше моего понимания;
    it passes belief это невероятно ~ off сбывать, подсовывать( for, as - за кого-л.) ;
    he passed himself off as a doctor он выдавал себя за доктора ~ проводить (рукой) ;
    he passed his hand across his forehead он провел рукой по лбу ~ метал. калибр, ручей валка;
    pass in review воен. прохождение торжественным маршем;
    to hold the pass защищать свое дело ~ происходить, случаться, иметь место;
    I saw (heard) what was passing я видел (слышал), что происходило ~ превращаться, переходить (из одного состояния в другое) ;
    it has passed into a proverb это вошло в поговорку ~ превышать, выходить за пределы;
    he has passed sixteen ему уже больше шестнадцати;
    it passes my comprehension это выше моего понимания;
    it passes belief это невероятно ~ превышать, выходить за пределы;
    he has passed sixteen ему уже больше шестнадцати;
    it passes my comprehension это выше моего понимания;
    it passes belief это невероятно to make a ~ (at smb.) делать выпад (против кого-л.) to make a ~ (at smb.) разг. приставать( к кому-л.) ~ проводить (время, лето и т. п.) ;
    to pass the time, to make time pass коротать время ~ исчезать;
    прекращаться;
    the pain passed боль прошла;
    to pass out of sight исчезать из виду;
    to pass out of use выходить из употребления ~ пересекать;
    переходить, переезжать (через что-л.) ;
    переправлять(ся) ;
    to pass a mountain range перевалить через хребет ~ round обматывать;
    обводить;
    to pass a rope round a cask обмотать бочонок канатом ~ by не обращать внимания ~ by оставлять без внимания, пропускать;
    to pass by in silence обходить молчанием ~ by пропускать ~ by проходить мимо ~ by оставлять без внимания, пропускать;
    to pass by in silence обходить молчанием to ~ by on the other side не оказать помощи, не проявить сочувствия;
    to pass on the torch передавать знания, традиции ~ through пронзать;
    pass up амер. отказываться( от чего-л.) ;
    отвергать( что-л.) ;
    to pass by the name of... быть известным под именем..., называться... ~ for считаться, слыть ( кем-л.) ;
    pass in умереть (тж. pass in one's checks) ;
    pass into превращаться в, переходить в;
    делаться ~ for считаться, слыть (кем-л.) ;
    pass in умереть (тж. pass in one's checks) ;
    pass into превращаться в, переходить в;
    делаться ~ метал. калибр, ручей валка;
    pass in review воен. прохождение торжественным маршем;
    to hold the pass защищать свое дело review: ~ обзор, обозрение;
    to pass in review рассматривать, обозревать ~ воен. смотр;
    парад;
    to pass in review делать смотр;
    пропускать торжественным маршем ~ for считаться, слыть (кем-л.) ;
    pass in умереть (тж. pass in one's checks) ;
    pass into превращаться в, переходить в;
    делаться to ~ money under the table (to smb.) дать (кому-л.) взятку ~ off оставлять без внимания, пропускать мимо ушей ~ off отвлекать внимание( от чего-л.) ~ off постепенно прекращаться, проходить (об ощущениях и т. п.) ~ off пронестись, пройти ( о дожде, буре) ~ off сбывать, подсовывать ( for, as - за кого-л.) ;
    he passed himself off as a doctor он выдавал себя за доктора ~ off сдать (экзамен) ~ off хорошо пройти (о мероприятии, событии) to ~ by on the other side не оказать помощи, не проявить сочувствия;
    to pass on the torch передавать знания, традиции ~ давать (слово, клятву, обещание) ;
    to pass one's word обещать;
    ручаться, поручиться ( for) ~ out сбыть, продать (товар) ~ out разг. терять сознание ~ out умереть ~ out успешно пройти (курс обучения) ~ исчезать;
    прекращаться;
    the pain passed боль прошла;
    to pass out of sight исчезать из виду;
    to pass out of use выходить из употребления ~ исчезать;
    прекращаться;
    the pain passed боль прошла;
    to pass out of sight исчезать из виду;
    to pass out of use выходить из употребления ~ to ~ water мед. мочиться ~ ~ your eyes (или glance) over this letter просмотрите это письмо ~ round обматывать;
    обводить;
    to pass a rope round a cask обмотать бочонок канатом ~ round передавать друг другу;
    пустить по кругу;
    to pass round the hat пустить шапку по кругу, устроить сбор пожертвований ~ round передавать друг другу;
    пустить по кругу;
    to pass round the hat пустить шапку по кругу, устроить сбор пожертвований ~ выдержать, пройти (испытание) ;
    удовлетворять (требованиям) ;
    to pass the tests пройти испытание;
    to pass standards удовлетворять нормам ~ выдержать, пройти (испытание) ;
    удовлетворять (требованиям) ;
    to pass the tests пройти испытание;
    to pass standards удовлетворять нормам ~ проводить (время, лето и т. п.) ;
    to pass the time, to make time pass коротать время ~ передавать;
    read this and pass it on прочтите (это) и передайте дальше;
    to pass the word передавать приказание ~ through пересекать;
    переходить ~ through продевать ~ through пронзать;
    pass up амер. отказываться (от чего-л.) ;
    отвергать (что-л.) ;
    to pass by the name of... быть известным под именем..., называться... ~ through пропускать, просеивать, процеживать (сквозь что-л.) ~ through проходить (через что-л.), испытывать, переживать;
    they are passing through times of troubles они переживают беспокойное время ~ through пронзать;
    pass up амер. отказываться (от чего-л.) ;
    отвергать (что-л.) ;
    to pass by the name of... быть известным под именем..., называться... ~ передавать;
    read this and pass it on прочтите (это) и передайте дальше;
    to pass the word передавать приказание reporter's ~ корреспондентский пропуск ~ проходить незамеченным, сходить;
    but let that pass не будем об этом говорить;
    that won't pass это недопустимо ~ through проходить (через что-л.), испытывать, переживать;
    they are passing through times of troubles они переживают беспокойное время things have come to a pretty ~ дела приняли скверный оборот ~ быть в обращении, иметь хождение (о деньгах) ;
    this coin will not pass эту монету не примут ~ проходить (о времени) ;
    time passes rapidly время быстро летит ~ быть вынесенным (о приговоре) ;
    the verdict passed for the plaintiff решение было вынесено в пользу истца whether or not this comes to ~ суждено ли этому случиться или нет

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > pass

  • 18 fácilmente

    adv.
    easily, without difficulty, readily, with ease.
    * * *
    1 easily
    * * *
    adv.
    easily, readily
    * * *
    ADV
    1) (=con facilidad) easily

    este tipo de cosas no se pueden explicar fácilmente — there's no easy o simple explanation for this type of thing, this type of thing cannot be easily explained

    2) (=probablemente)
    * * *
    = easily, economy of effort, painlessly, readily, straightforwardly, effortlessly, without difficulty, with the tip of a hat, with ease.
    Ex. Thus it is possible in an author sequence to view easily the works of one author.
    Ex. Machines with interchangeable parts can now be constructed with great economy of effort.
    Ex. Without AACR is doubtful whether computerised cataloguing would have been implemented so relatively painlessly and successfully = Sin las RCAA es dudoso que la catalogación automatizada se hubiera implementado tan fácilmente y con tanto éxito, relativamente hablando.
    Ex. However, this does not in itself make the actual resources readily available.
    Ex. This subject is in fact by no means as complex as many to be found in the literature of aeronautics, and the notation for it could be handled quite straightforwardly by a computer.
    Ex. Talking and writing are activities that most humans learn at a relatively early age and carry out fairly effortlessly for the rest of their lives.
    Ex. As it happened, the snowfall was moderate and all the rest of us worked all day and got home without difficulty.
    Ex. These people have absolutely no scruples, commiting genocide with the tip of a hat.
    Ex. Like a seasoned politician, Mr. Gandhi handled the students' queries with ease during the one-hour session.
    ----
    * avanzar fácilmente = coast.
    * conseguir Algo fácilmente = coast.
    * dejarse llevar fácilmente = be easily led.
    * delatar fácilmente = be a dead giveaway.
    * demasiado fácilmente = all too easily.
    * fácilmente accesible = easily available.
    * fácilmente accesible por = available at the fingertips of.
    * fácilmente montable = rapidly deployable.
    * ganar fácilmente = coast + home, coast to + victory, beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.
    * no darse por vencido fácilmente = not take + no for an answer.
    * no desgastarse fácilmente = wear + well.
    * que se desmenuza fácilmente = crumbly [crumblier -comp., crumbliest -sup.].
    * que se desmigaja fácilmente = crumbly [crumblier -comp., crumbliest -sup.].
    * recordar fácilmente = produce + on call.
    * tener Algo fácilmente accesible = have + Nombre + at + Posesivo + fingertips.
    * tener fácilmente accesible = have at + Posesivo + touch.
    * * *
    = easily, economy of effort, painlessly, readily, straightforwardly, effortlessly, without difficulty, with the tip of a hat, with ease.

    Ex: Thus it is possible in an author sequence to view easily the works of one author.

    Ex: Machines with interchangeable parts can now be constructed with great economy of effort.
    Ex: Without AACR is doubtful whether computerised cataloguing would have been implemented so relatively painlessly and successfully = Sin las RCAA es dudoso que la catalogación automatizada se hubiera implementado tan fácilmente y con tanto éxito, relativamente hablando.
    Ex: However, this does not in itself make the actual resources readily available.
    Ex: This subject is in fact by no means as complex as many to be found in the literature of aeronautics, and the notation for it could be handled quite straightforwardly by a computer.
    Ex: Talking and writing are activities that most humans learn at a relatively early age and carry out fairly effortlessly for the rest of their lives.
    Ex: As it happened, the snowfall was moderate and all the rest of us worked all day and got home without difficulty.
    Ex: These people have absolutely no scruples, commiting genocide with the tip of a hat.
    Ex: Like a seasoned politician, Mr. Gandhi handled the students' queries with ease during the one-hour session.
    * avanzar fácilmente = coast.
    * conseguir Algo fácilmente = coast.
    * dejarse llevar fácilmente = be easily led.
    * delatar fácilmente = be a dead giveaway.
    * demasiado fácilmente = all too easily.
    * fácilmente accesible = easily available.
    * fácilmente accesible por = available at the fingertips of.
    * fácilmente montable = rapidly deployable.
    * ganar fácilmente = coast + home, coast to + victory, beat + Nombre + hands down, win + hands down.
    * no darse por vencido fácilmente = not take + no for an answer.
    * no desgastarse fácilmente = wear + well.
    * que se desmenuza fácilmente = crumbly [crumblier -comp., crumbliest -sup.].
    * que se desmigaja fácilmente = crumbly [crumblier -comp., crumbliest -sup.].
    * recordar fácilmente = produce + on call.
    * tener Algo fácilmente accesible = have + Nombre + at + Posesivo + fingertips.
    * tener fácilmente accesible = have at + Posesivo + touch.

    * * *
    easily
    se resuelve fácilmente it is easily solved, there's an easy o a simple o a straightforward solution
    se puede comprar fácilmente it can be bought easily, it is readily available
    * * *

    fácilmente adverbio easily
    ' fácilmente' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    dejar
    English:
    coast
    - comfortably
    - easily
    - open-and-shut
    - quitter
    - readily
    - scare
    - tell
    - well
    - ease
    - lead
    - other
    - run
    * * *
    1. [con facilidad] easily;
    esto se arregla fácilmente this can be easily fixed
    2. Fam [probablemente] easily;
    tardará fácilmente tres meses it'll easily take three months
    * * *
    adv easily
    * * *
    : easily, readily
    * * *
    fácilmente adv easily

    Spanish-English dictionary > fácilmente

  • 19 cerrar

    v.
    María cerró la puerta Mary closed the door.
    2 to close (negocio, colegio) (a diario).
    el gobierno cerrará dos centrales nucleares the government is to close down two nuclear power stations
    3 to close.
    4 to close the door (person).
    ¡cierra, que entra frío! close the door, you're letting the cold in!
    5 to close (negocio, colegio) (a diario).
    ¿a qué hora cierra? what time do you close?
    6 to turn off (grifo, llave de gas).
    Ricardo cerró el agua Richard turned off the water.
    7 to fill, to block (up) (agujero, hueco).
    8 to block (carretera, calle).
    la policía cerró la calle the police closed off the street
    cerrar el paso a alguien to block somebody's way
    9 to close.
    la orquesta cerraba el desfile the orchestra closed the procession
    10 to fence (off), to enclose.
    11 to heal, to close up.
    12 to close down, to close, to lock up, to shut.
    Ellos cierran de noche They close at night.
    13 to block off, to blank off.
    Los huelguistas bloquearon el edificio The strikers blanked off the building
    14 to balance out, to match correctly, to check out correctly, to close.
    Mi contador cierra mis cuentas My accountant balances out my accounts.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ ACERTAR], like link=acertar acertar
    1 to close, shut
    2 (grifo, gas) to turn off; (luz) to turn off, switch off
    3 (cuenta) to close
    4 (cremallera) to zip (up)
    5 (un negocio) to close; (- definitivamente) to close down
    6 (carta) to seal
    7 (discusión) to end, finish
    8 (compra) to close, conclude
    9 (agujero) to plug; (grieta) to fill
    10 (paraguas) to close, shut, put down
    11 (los puños) to clench, close
    12 (frontera, puerto) to close; (camino) to block
    13 (en dominó) to block
    1 to close, shut
    2 (punto) to cast off
    3 (una herida) to close up, heal
    1 to close, shut
    2 (una herida) to close up, heal
    3 AUTOMÓVIL (meterse) to cut in
    4 METEREOLOGÍA to cloud over
    5 figurado (obstinarse) to dig one's heel in, stand fast; (ponerse en actitud intransigente) to close one's mind (a, to)
    \
    cerrar con siete llaves figurado to lock and double-lock
    cerrar el paso a alguien to block somebody's way, bar somebody's way
    cerrar el pico familiar to shut one's trap
    cerrar la boca to shut up
    cerrar la puerta en las narices figurado to shut the door in somebody's face
    cerrar las filas figurado to close ranks
    cerrarse de golpe to slam shut
    * * *
    verb
    1) to close, shut
    2) lock
    4) seal
    •
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [hablando de un objeto abierto] [+ puerta, ventana, boca] to close, shut; [+ cremallera] to do up; [+ camisa] to button, do up; [+ cortina] to draw; [+ paraguas, válvula] to close; [+ carta] to seal; [+ costura, herida] to sew up

    no puedo cerrar esta maleta — I can't close o shut this suitcase

    cierra los ojos — close o shut your eyes

    cerró el libro de golpe — she banged o slammed the book shut

    • cerré la puerta con llave — I locked the door

    • cierra el pico — * shut your trap **

    • cerrar el puño — to clench one's fist

    fila 3), b)
    2) (=desconectar) [+ gas, grifo, radiador] to turn off
    3) (=bloquear) [+ agujero, brecha, tubo] to block (up); [+ frontera, puerto] to close

    • cerrar el paso a algn — to block sb's way

    trató de entrar, pero le cerraron el paso — he tried to get in, but they blocked o barred his way

    4) [+ tienda, negocio] [al final de la jornada] to close, shut; [para siempre] to close, close down
    5) [+ jardín, terreno] [con cerca] to fence in; [con muro] to wall in
    6) (=poner fin a)
    a) [+ debate, narración, programa] to close, end

    cerrar el sistema — (Inform) to shut down the system

    b) [+ desfile] to bring up the rear of
    7)

    • cerrar un trato — to seal a deal

    2. VI
    1) [hablando de un objeto abierto] [puerta, ventana] to close, shut; [bragueta] to do up; [paraguas, válvula] to close; [herida] to close up
    2) [persona]

    cierra, que se va a escapar el gato — close o shut the door or the cat will get out

    3) [tienda, negocio] to close, shut

    ¿a qué hora cierran las tiendas el sábado? — what time do the shops close o shut on Saturday?

    4) (Econ) [en la Bolsa] to close
    5) [en dominó] to block; [en Scrabble] to use one's tiles up

    ¡cierro! — I'm out!

    6) (=atacar)

    cerrar con o contra algn — to grapple with sb

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <puerta/ventana> to close, shut; <ojos/boca> to shut, close
    b) < botella> to put the top on/cork in; < frasco> to put the lid on
    c) <paraguas/abanico/mano> to close; < libro> to close, shut; < puño> to clench
    d) < cortinas> to close, draw; < persianas> to lower, pull down; < abrigo> to fasten, button up; < cremallera> to do up
    2) <grifo/agua/gas> to turn off; < válvula> to close, shut off
    3)
    a) <fábrica/comercio/oficina> (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close; ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    b) <aeropuerto/carretera/frontera> to close
    4) < cuenta bancaria> to close; <caso/juicio> to close; <acuerdo/negociación> to finalize
    5)
    a) <acto/debate> to bring... to an end; < jornada> to end
    b) <desfile/cortejo> to bring up the rear of
    c) < circuito> to close
    d) <paréntesis/comillas> to close
    2.
    cerrar vi
    1) (hablando de puerta, ventana)

    cierra, que hace frío — close o shut the door (o window etc), it's cold

    ¿cerraste con llave? — did you lock up?

    2) puerta/ventana/cajón to close, shut; grifo/llave de paso to turn off; abrigo/vestido to fasten, do up (BrE)
    3) comercio/oficina (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close, shut; ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    4) (Fin) dolar/peso to close
    5) ( en dominó) to block; ( en naipes) to go out
    3.
    cerrarse v pron
    1)
    a) puerta/ventana (+ compl) to shut, close

    la puerta se cerró sola/de golpe — the door closed by itself/slammed shut

    b) ojos (+ me/te/le etc) to close
    c) flor/almeja to close up
    d) herida to heal (up)
    2) (refl) < abrigo> to fasten, button up
    3) ( terminar) acto/debate/libro to end, conclude; jornada/año to end
    4) (mostrarse reacio, intransigente)

    se cerró en su actitud — he dug his heels in

    cerrarse a algo: sería cerrarse a la evidencia it would be turning our back on the evidence; se cierran a todo cambio — they're not open to change

    * * *
    = close, close down, seal off, shut down, shut off, zip, fold, fold up + shop.
    Ex. The date due calculated by the circulation programs is always checked against the list of dates the library is closed to ensure that a document is not due when it cannot be returned.
    Ex. In this case, however, summer vacation resulted in universities and other institutions closing down completely right in the middle of her stay.
    Ex. In the case of vast and rapidly growing copyright libraries where the stock is sealed off from the public, specific classification is not worth the effort.
    Ex. Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.
    Ex. Advanced design sprinklers shut off water when the fire is out, reducing the risk of water damage.
    Ex. The study investigated the use of a video to teach 3 self-help skills (cleaning sunglasses, putting on a wristwatch, and zipping a jacket) to 3 elementary students with mental disabilities.
    Ex. By the mid-eighties, two of the big companies folded, but were replaced by a handful of small, independent firms = A mediados de los ochenta, dos de las grandes compañías quebraron, pero fueron sustituidas por un puñado de pequeñas empresas independientes.
    Ex. Why talented and passionate business people so often fold up shop while their less talented, less skilled brethren continue to thrive.
    ----
    * cerrar con candado = padlock.
    * cerrar con cierre metálico = shutter.
    * cerrar con llave = lock.
    * cerrar con tablas = board up.
    * cerrar definitivamente = close down + operations, close + Posesivo + doors.
    * cerrar de golpe = slam.
    * cerrar de un portazo = slam.
    * cerrar el catálogo = close + the catalogue.
    * cerrar el negocio = fold up + shop.
    * cerrar filas = close + ranks.
    * cerrar herméticamente = seal.
    * cerrar las escotillas = batten down + hatches.
    * cerrar los postigos = shutter.
    * cerrar muy bien = close + tight.
    * cerrar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.
    * cerrar una ventana = switch off + window.
    * cerrar un negocio = go out of + business.
    * cerrar un trato = close + deal.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = put a sock in it!.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡cierra la boca! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * en una abrir y cerrar de ojos = at the flick of a switch, at the drop of a hat.
    * en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in a jiffy, in the time it takes to flick a switch, with the flick of a switch, in a flash, in no time at all, in next to no time, with the tip of a hat, in and out in a flash, in a heartbeat, as quick as a wink, in a trice.
    * en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in the blink of an eye, in the twinkling of an eye, in a snap.
    * forzar a cerrar un Negocio = drive out of + business.
    * obligar a cerrar el negocio = force out of + business, force out of + the marketplace.
    * paréntesis que cierra = right parenthesis.
    * que no cierra bien = leaky [leakier -comp., leakiest -sup], leaking.
    * que puede volver a cerrarse herméticamente = resealable.
    * que se cierra automáticamente mediante un muelle = spring-loaded.
    * sin cerrar con llave = unlocked.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <puerta/ventana> to close, shut; <ojos/boca> to shut, close
    b) < botella> to put the top on/cork in; < frasco> to put the lid on
    c) <paraguas/abanico/mano> to close; < libro> to close, shut; < puño> to clench
    d) < cortinas> to close, draw; < persianas> to lower, pull down; < abrigo> to fasten, button up; < cremallera> to do up
    2) <grifo/agua/gas> to turn off; < válvula> to close, shut off
    3)
    a) <fábrica/comercio/oficina> (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close; ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    b) <aeropuerto/carretera/frontera> to close
    4) < cuenta bancaria> to close; <caso/juicio> to close; <acuerdo/negociación> to finalize
    5)
    a) <acto/debate> to bring... to an end; < jornada> to end
    b) <desfile/cortejo> to bring up the rear of
    c) < circuito> to close
    d) <paréntesis/comillas> to close
    2.
    cerrar vi
    1) (hablando de puerta, ventana)

    cierra, que hace frío — close o shut the door (o window etc), it's cold

    ¿cerraste con llave? — did you lock up?

    2) puerta/ventana/cajón to close, shut; grifo/llave de paso to turn off; abrigo/vestido to fasten, do up (BrE)
    3) comercio/oficina (en el quehacer diario, por obras, vacaciones) to close, shut; ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    4) (Fin) dolar/peso to close
    5) ( en dominó) to block; ( en naipes) to go out
    3.
    cerrarse v pron
    1)
    a) puerta/ventana (+ compl) to shut, close

    la puerta se cerró sola/de golpe — the door closed by itself/slammed shut

    b) ojos (+ me/te/le etc) to close
    c) flor/almeja to close up
    d) herida to heal (up)
    2) (refl) < abrigo> to fasten, button up
    3) ( terminar) acto/debate/libro to end, conclude; jornada/año to end
    4) (mostrarse reacio, intransigente)

    se cerró en su actitud — he dug his heels in

    cerrarse a algo: sería cerrarse a la evidencia it would be turning our back on the evidence; se cierran a todo cambio — they're not open to change

    * * *
    = close, close down, seal off, shut down, shut off, zip, fold, fold up + shop.

    Ex: The date due calculated by the circulation programs is always checked against the list of dates the library is closed to ensure that a document is not due when it cannot be returned.

    Ex: In this case, however, summer vacation resulted in universities and other institutions closing down completely right in the middle of her stay.
    Ex: In the case of vast and rapidly growing copyright libraries where the stock is sealed off from the public, specific classification is not worth the effort.
    Ex: Cyberattacks involve routers acting at a predesignated time or trigger time and flooding various targeted Web sites with data -- effectively shutting down the Web site.
    Ex: Advanced design sprinklers shut off water when the fire is out, reducing the risk of water damage.
    Ex: The study investigated the use of a video to teach 3 self-help skills (cleaning sunglasses, putting on a wristwatch, and zipping a jacket) to 3 elementary students with mental disabilities.
    Ex: By the mid-eighties, two of the big companies folded, but were replaced by a handful of small, independent firms = A mediados de los ochenta, dos de las grandes compañías quebraron, pero fueron sustituidas por un puñado de pequeñas empresas independientes.
    Ex: Why talented and passionate business people so often fold up shop while their less talented, less skilled brethren continue to thrive.
    * cerrar con candado = padlock.
    * cerrar con cierre metálico = shutter.
    * cerrar con llave = lock.
    * cerrar con tablas = board up.
    * cerrar definitivamente = close down + operations, close + Posesivo + doors.
    * cerrar de golpe = slam.
    * cerrar de un portazo = slam.
    * cerrar el catálogo = close + the catalogue.
    * cerrar el negocio = fold up + shop.
    * cerrar filas = close + ranks.
    * cerrar herméticamente = seal.
    * cerrar las escotillas = batten down + hatches.
    * cerrar los postigos = shutter.
    * cerrar muy bien = close + tight.
    * cerrar un acuerdo = conclude + agreement, conclude + deal.
    * cerrar una ventana = switch off + window.
    * cerrar un negocio = go out of + business.
    * cerrar un trato = close + deal.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = put a sock in it!.
    * ¡cierra el pico! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * ¡cierra la boca! = shut your mouth!, shut your face!.
    * en una abrir y cerrar de ojos = at the flick of a switch, at the drop of a hat.
    * en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in a jiffy, in the time it takes to flick a switch, with the flick of a switch, in a flash, in no time at all, in next to no time, with the tip of a hat, in and out in a flash, in a heartbeat, as quick as a wink, in a trice.
    * en un abrir y cerrar de ojos = in the blink of an eye, in the twinkling of an eye, in a snap.
    * forzar a cerrar un Negocio = drive out of + business.
    * obligar a cerrar el negocio = force out of + business, force out of + the marketplace.
    * paréntesis que cierra = right parenthesis.
    * que no cierra bien = leaky [leakier -comp., leakiest -sup], leaking.
    * que puede volver a cerrarse herméticamente = resealable.
    * que se cierra automáticamente mediante un muelle = spring-loaded.
    * sin cerrar con llave = unlocked.

    * * *
    cerrar [A5 ]
    vt
    A
    1 ‹armario/puerta/ventana› to close, shut
    cerró la puerta de un portazo she slammed the door
    2 ‹ojos/boca› to shut, close
    3 ‹maleta› to close; ‹sobre/paquete› to seal
    4 ‹botella› to put the top on/cork in; ‹frasco› to put the top ( o lid etc) on
    un frasco herméticamente cerrado an airtight container
    5 ‹paraguas› to close, put … down; ‹abanico› to close; ‹libro› to close, shut; ‹puño› to clench; ‹mano› to close
    6 ‹cortinas› to close, draw; ‹persianas› to lower, pull down; ‹abrigo› to fasten, button up, do up ( BrE)
    ciérrame la cremallera can you zip me up?, can you do my zip up? ( BrE)
    B ‹grifo› to turn off; ‹válvula› to close, shut off; ‹agua/gas› to turn off
    C
    1 ‹fábrica/comercio/oficina› (en el quehacer diario) to close, shut; (por obras, vacaciones) to close; (definitivamente) to close, close down
    2 ‹aeropuerto/carretera› to close; ‹frontera› to close
    la calle está cerrada al tráfico the street is closed to traffic
    3 ‹terreno› to fence off
    D
    1 (en labores de punto) to cast off; (en costura) to sew up
    2 ( fam) (al operar) to close … up
    E
    1 ‹plazo/matrícula›
    han cerrado el plazo de inscripción the enrollment period has closed o finished
    2 ‹cuenta bancaria› to close
    3 ‹caso/juicio› to close; ‹acuerdo/negociación› to finalize
    F
    1 (poner fin a) ‹acto/debate› to bring … to an end; ‹jornada› to end
    antes de cerrar nuestra programación de hoy … before ending today's programs …, before bringing today's programs to a close …
    los trágicos acontecimientos que han cerrado el año the tragic events with which the year has ended
    estas declaraciones cerraron una jornada tensa these statements ended o came at the end of a tense day
    2 ‹desfile/cortejo› to bring up the rear of
    3 ‹circunferencia› to close up; ‹circuito› to close
    4 ‹paréntesis/comillas› to close
    ■ cerrar
    vi
    A
    (hablando de una puerta, ventana): cierra, que hace frío close o shut the door ( o window etc), it's cold
    ¿cerraste con llave? did you lock the door?, did you lock up?
    B «puerta/ventana/cajón» to close, shut; «grifo/llave de paso» to turn off; «abrigo/vestido» to fasten, do up ( BrE)
    la puerta no cierra bien the door won't shut o close properly, the door doesn't shut o close properly
    esta botella no cierra bien I can't get the top back on this bottle properly, the top won't go on properly
    ¿la falda cierra por detrás o por el lado? does the skirt fasten at the back or at the side?
    C «comercio/oficina» (en el quehacer diario) to close, shut; (por obras, vacaciones) to close, shut; (definitivamente) to close, close down, shut down
    ¿a qué hora cierran? what time do you close?
    no cerramos al mediodía we are open o we stay open at lunchtime, we don't close for lunch
    [ S ] cerramos los lunes closed Mondays, we are closed on Mondays
    D (en labores de punto) to cast off
    E ( Fin) to close
    el dólar cerró a … the dollar closed at …
    F (en dominó) to block; (en naipes) to go out
    A
    1
    «puerta/ventana» (+ compl): la puerta se cerró de golpe/sola the door slammed shut/closed by itself
    2 «ojos» (+ me/te/le etc) to close
    se me cierran los ojos de cansancio I'm so tired I can't keep my eyes open
    3 «flor/almeja» to close up
    4 «herida» to heal, heal up, close up
    B ( refl) ‹abrigo› to fasten, button up, do up ( BrE)
    ciérrate la cremallera zip yourself up, zip up your dress ( o jacket etc), do your zip up ( BrE)
    C (terminar) «acto/debate» to end, conclude; «jornada» to end
    el libro se cierra con unas páginas dedicadas a … the book ends o closes o concludes with a few pages on the subject of …
    otro año que se cierra sin que se resuelva another year ends o comes to an end without a solution
    D
    (mostrarse reacio, intransigente): se cerró y no quiso saber nada más she closed her mind and refused to listen to any more about it
    se cerró en su actitud he dug his heels in
    cerrarse A algo:
    sería cerrarse a la evidencia negar que … we would be turning our back on the evidence if we were to deny that …
    se cerró a todo lo nuevo she refused to consider anything new, she closed her mind to anything new
    * * *

     

    cerrar ( conjugate cerrar) verbo transitivo
    1
    a) ‹puerta/ventana› to close, shut;

    ‹ojos/boca› to shut, close;

    b) ‹ botella› to put the top on/cork in;

    ‹ frasco› to put the lid on;
    ‹ sobre› to seal
    c) ‹paraguas/abanico/mano› to close;

    ‹ libro› to close, shut;
    ‹ puño› to clench
    d) ‹ cortinas› to close, draw;

    ‹ persianas› to lower, pull down;
    ‹ abrigo› to fasten, button up;
    ‹ cremallera› to do … up
    e) ‹grifo/agua/gas› to turn off;

    ‹ válvula› to close, shut off
    2
    a) ‹fábrica/comercio/oficina› ( en el quehacer diario) to close;

    ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    b) ‹aeropuerto/carretera/frontera› to close

    3

    b) ‹caso/juicio› to close

    c) ‹acuerdo/negociación› to finalize

    d) ‹acto/debate› to bring … to an end

    verbo intransitivo
    1 (hablando de puerta, ventana):
    ◊ cierra, que hace frío close o shut the door (o window etc), it's cold;

    ¿cerraste con llave? did you lock up?
    2 [puerta/ventana/cajón] to close, shut
    3 [comercio/oficina] ( en el quehacer diario) to close, shut;
    ( definitivamente) to close (down)
    cerrarse verbo pronominal
    1
    a) [puerta/ventana] to shut, close;


    b) [ ojos] to close;


    c) [flor/almeja] to close up


    2 ( refl) ‹ abrigo› to fasten, button up;
    ‹ cremallera› to do … up
    3 [acto/debate/jornada] to end
    cerrar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 to shut, close
    (con llave) to lock
    (un grifo abierto) to turn off
    (el ordenador) to turn off, switch off
    (subir una cremallera) to do up
    (un sobre) to seal
    (los puños) to clench
    2 (un negocio temporalmente) to close
    (definitivamente) to close down
    3 (un trato, un acuerdo) to finalize
    (liquidar una cuenta bancaria) to close
    4 (un acceso, un servicio de transporte) to close
    (bloquear) cerrarle el paso a alguien, to block sb's way
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 to close, shut
    2 (un negocio temporalmente) to close
    (definitivamente) to close down
    ♦ Locuciones: familiar cerrar el pico, to shut one's trap
    ' cerrar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    abrir
    - abrochar
    - cerrada
    - cerrado
    - cierre
    - ojo
    - pico
    - sellar
    - amabilidad
    - bondad
    - canilla
    - cierra
    - cierro
    - correr
    - cuenta
    - doble
    - grifo
    - junta
    - juntar
    - llave
    - paréntesis
    - trato
    English:
    attendant
    - bargain
    - barricade
    - block in
    - bolt
    - clinch
    - close
    - close down
    - closed
    - draw
    - enter into
    - fasten
    - fasten down
    - lock
    - lock up
    - padlock
    - push to
    - seal
    - seal off
    - seal up
    - secure
    - shut
    - shut down
    - shut up
    - slam
    - snap
    - stick together
    - strike
    - tight
    - to
    - trice
    - turn off
    - twinkling
    - wall in
    - whisk away
    - whisk off
    - wind up
    - zip up
    - board
    - business
    - cast
    - conclude
    - fold
    - main
    - time
    - turn
    - will
    - wind
    - wrap
    - zip
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [en general] to close;
    [puerta, cajón, boca, tienda] to shut, to close; Informát [archivo] to close; [con llave] to lock; [grifo, llave de gas] to turn off; [botella] to put the top on; [tarro] to put the lid o top on; [carta, sobre] to seal; [cortinas] to draw, to close; [persianas] to pull down; [agujero, hueco] to fill, to block (up); [puños] to clench;
    cierra el gas cuando salgas turn the gas off when you leave;
    una corriente de aire cerró la puerta a draught blew the door shut;
    Fam
    ¡cierra el pico! shut your trap!
    2. [negocio, colegio] [a diario] to close;
    [permanentemente] to close down;
    el gobierno cerrará dos centrales nucleares the government is to close down two nuclear power stations
    3. [vallar] to fence (off), to enclose;
    cerraron el balcón para convertirlo en comedor they closed o walled off the balcony and converted it into a dining room
    4. [carretera, calle] to close off;
    también Fig
    cerrar el paso a alguien to block sb's way;
    una valla les cerraba la salida a fence blocked their way out
    5. [manifestación, desfile] to bring up the rear of;
    cerrar la marcha [ir en última posición] to bring up the rear;
    la orquesta cerraba el desfile the orchestra closed the procession
    6. [gestiones, acuerdo] to finalize;
    han cerrado un trato para… they've reached an agreement o made a deal to…;
    cerraron el trato ayer they wrapped up the deal yesterday;
    cerraron las conversaciones sin ningún acuerdo they ended the talks without reaching an agreement
    7. [cicatrizar] to heal, to close up
    8. Elec [circuito] to close
    9. [circunferencia, círculo] to complete;
    cerraron la carretera de circunvalación they completed the Br ring road o US beltway
    10. [signo ortográfico] to close;
    cerrar comillas/paréntesis to close inverted commas/brackets
    11. [posibilidades] to put an end to;
    el último atentado cierra cualquier esperanza de acuerdo the most recent attack puts an end to any hopes of an agreement
    12. [terminar] to close;
    el discurso del Presidente cerró el año legislativo the President's speech brought the parliamentary year to a close;
    esta corrida cierra la temporada taurina this bullfight rounds off the bullfighting season;
    cerró su participación en el torneo con una derrota they lost their last game in the tournament
    13. [plegar] to close up;
    cerró el paraguas he closed his umbrella
    14. Prensa
    el periódico cerró la edición más tarde de lo normal the newspaper went to press later than usual
    ♦ vi
    1. [en general] to close;
    [tienda] to close, to shut; [con llave, pestillo] to lock up;
    este cajón no cierra bien this drawer doesn't shut properly;
    la Bolsa cerró con pérdidas the stock market closed down several points;
    RP Fam
    ¡cerrá y vamos!: si no quieren ayudarnos, ¡cerrá y vamos! if they don't want to help us, let's not waste any more time over this
    2. [persona] to close the door;
    ¡cierra, que entra frío! close the door, you're letting the cold in!;
    me olvidé de cerrar con llave I forgot to lock the door
    3. [negocio, colegio] [a diario] to close;
    [definitivamente] to close down;
    ¿a qué hora cierra? what time do you close?;
    la biblioteca cierra a las ocho the library closes at eight;
    cerramos los domingos [en letrero] closed on Sundays
    4. [en juego de cartas] to go out;
    [en dominó] to block
    5. [herida] to close up, to heal
    * * *
    I v/t
    1 close; para siempre close down;
    cerrar al tráfico close to traffic
    2 tubería block
    3 grifo turn off
    4 terreno, finca enclose; frontera close
    5 acuerdo close
    II v/i close; para siempre close down;
    la puerta no cierra bien the door doesn’t shut properly;
    al cerrar el día at the end of the day
    * * *
    cerrar {55} vt
    1) : to close, to shut
    2) : to turn off
    3) : to bring to an end
    cerrar vi
    1) : to close up, to lock up
    2) : to close down
    * * *
    cerrar vb
    1. (en general) to close / to shut
    ¿a qué hora cerráis? what time do you close?
    2. (con llave) to lock
    ¿has cerrado la puerta con llave? have you locked the door?
    3. (gas, grifo) to turn off
    cerrar de golpe to slam [pt. & pp. slammed]
    cerrar la cremallera to zip up [pt. & pp. zipped]

    Spanish-English dictionary > cerrar

  • 20 perspectiva

    adj.&f.
    feminine of PERSPECTIVO.
    f.
    1 perspective (punto de vista).
    2 view (paisaje).
    3 prospect (futuro).
    en perspectiva in prospect
    4 foreshortening.
    * * *
    1 ARTE perspective
    2 (posibilidad) prospect
    3 (vista) view, perspective
    4 (punto de vista) point of view
    * * *
    noun f.
    2) prospect, outlook
    * * *
    SF
    1) (Arte) perspective
    2) (=vista) view, scene
    3) (=posibilidad) prospect
    * * *
    a) (Arquit, Art) perspective
    b) (vista, paisaje) view, perspective (frml)
    c) ( punto de vista) perspective
    d) ( posibilidad) prospect

    las perspectivas son buenas — the prospects are o the outlook is very good

    ante la perspectiva de... — faced with the prospect of...

    * * *
    = angle, insight, prospect, twist, outlook, vista, insight, vision.
    Ex. References or added entries must supplement the first or main entry and cater for access from other angles.
    Ex. The second edition of Austin's PRECIS manual adds additional insights into the evolution and application of PRECIS.
    Ex. At the time OCLC started, there was no prospect for a national authority file.
    Ex. Given such a narrow area in which to write it would be argued that the miracle is how so many authors can continue to find new twists to such a restricted basic theme.
    Ex. In their first review article of children's reference books in 1982, the School Library Journal's Review Committe for children's reference books presents a bleak outlook.
    Ex. From the library she could see miles and miles of unobstructed vistas of rich, coffee-brown, almost black soil, broken only by occasional small towns, farms, and grain elevators.
    Ex. The human indexer works mechanically and rapidly; he should require no insight into the document content.
    Ex. Several of the librarians reported that their sites were currently undergoing major revisions -- some because they were dull and uninteresting to teens and others because the vision of the page has changed = Varios bibliotecarios dijeron que sus sitios web estaban en la actualidad experimentando cambios importantes; algunos debido a que eran aburridos y poco interesantes para los jóvenes y otros debido a que el planteamiento de la página había cambiado.
    ----
    * analizar desde una perspectiva = see through.
    * concebirse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.
    * considerar desde una perspectiva = hold + perspective on.
    * dar a Algo una nueva perspectiva = give + Nombre + a new twist.
    * desde esta misma perspectiva = along the same lines.
    * desde la perspectiva de = in light of.
    * desde + perspectiva = against + backdrop.
    * desde una perspectiva + Adjetivo = along + Adjetivo + line.
    * dotar de una perspectiva histórica = historicise [historicize, -USA].
    * en perspectiva = in the offing.
    * estudiar desde una perspectiva = see through.
    * integración de la perspectiva de género en el conjunto de las políticas = gender mainstreaming.
    * nueva perspectiva = new light.
    * obtener perspectiva de = gain + perspective on.
    * obtener una perspectiva = gather + perspective.
    * ofrecer una perspectiva = offer + perspective.
    * perspectiva de crecimiento = growth pattern.
    * perspectiva de género = gender perspective.
    * perspectiva doble = bifocal vision.
    * perspectivas de futuro = future prospects, future perspectives, future development(s), future opportunities.
    * perspectivas futuras = future perspectives, future opportunities.
    * prensentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = present + Nombre + in a new light.
    * presentado desde esta perspectiva = cast in this light.
    * presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = throw + Nombre + in a new light.
    * presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on, throw + new light on.
    * presentarse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.
    * tener buenas perspectivas para = be well-placed to.
    * ver Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = view + Nombre + in a new light, see + Nombre + in a new light.
    * ver Algo desde una perspectiva + Adjetivo = see + Nombre + in a + Adjetivo + light.
    * ver desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on.
    * ver el mundo desde una perspectiva diferente = see + the world in a different light.
    * ver las cosas desde una perspectiva = see + things from + perspective.
    * ver + Nombre + desde la perspectiva de + Nombre = see + Nombre + through + Nombre + eyes.
    * visto desde la perspectiva de + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.
    * * *
    a) (Arquit, Art) perspective
    b) (vista, paisaje) view, perspective (frml)
    c) ( punto de vista) perspective
    d) ( posibilidad) prospect

    las perspectivas son buenas — the prospects are o the outlook is very good

    ante la perspectiva de... — faced with the prospect of...

    * * *
    = angle, insight, prospect, twist, outlook, vista, insight, vision.

    Ex: References or added entries must supplement the first or main entry and cater for access from other angles.

    Ex: The second edition of Austin's PRECIS manual adds additional insights into the evolution and application of PRECIS.
    Ex: At the time OCLC started, there was no prospect for a national authority file.
    Ex: Given such a narrow area in which to write it would be argued that the miracle is how so many authors can continue to find new twists to such a restricted basic theme.
    Ex: In their first review article of children's reference books in 1982, the School Library Journal's Review Committe for children's reference books presents a bleak outlook.
    Ex: From the library she could see miles and miles of unobstructed vistas of rich, coffee-brown, almost black soil, broken only by occasional small towns, farms, and grain elevators.
    Ex: The human indexer works mechanically and rapidly; he should require no insight into the document content.
    Ex: Several of the librarians reported that their sites were currently undergoing major revisions -- some because they were dull and uninteresting to teens and others because the vision of the page has changed = Varios bibliotecarios dijeron que sus sitios web estaban en la actualidad experimentando cambios importantes; algunos debido a que eran aburridos y poco interesantes para los jóvenes y otros debido a que el planteamiento de la página había cambiado.
    * analizar desde una perspectiva = see through.
    * concebirse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.
    * considerar desde una perspectiva = hold + perspective on.
    * dar a Algo una nueva perspectiva = give + Nombre + a new twist.
    * desde esta misma perspectiva = along the same lines.
    * desde la perspectiva de = in light of.
    * desde + perspectiva = against + backdrop.
    * desde una perspectiva + Adjetivo = along + Adjetivo + line.
    * dotar de una perspectiva histórica = historicise [historicize, -USA].
    * en perspectiva = in the offing.
    * estudiar desde una perspectiva = see through.
    * integración de la perspectiva de género en el conjunto de las políticas = gender mainstreaming.
    * nueva perspectiva = new light.
    * obtener perspectiva de = gain + perspective on.
    * obtener una perspectiva = gather + perspective.
    * ofrecer una perspectiva = offer + perspective.
    * perspectiva de crecimiento = growth pattern.
    * perspectiva de género = gender perspective.
    * perspectiva doble = bifocal vision.
    * perspectivas de futuro = future prospects, future perspectives, future development(s), future opportunities.
    * perspectivas futuras = future perspectives, future opportunities.
    * prensentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = present + Nombre + in a new light.
    * presentado desde esta perspectiva = cast in this light.
    * presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = throw + Nombre + in a new light.
    * presentar Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on, throw + new light on.
    * presentarse desde una nueva perspectiva = stand in + a new light.
    * tener buenas perspectivas para = be well-placed to.
    * ver Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = view + Nombre + in a new light, see + Nombre + in a new light.
    * ver Algo desde una perspectiva + Adjetivo = see + Nombre + in a + Adjetivo + light.
    * ver desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on.
    * ver el mundo desde una perspectiva diferente = see + the world in a different light.
    * ver las cosas desde una perspectiva = see + things from + perspective.
    * ver + Nombre + desde la perspectiva de + Nombre = see + Nombre + through + Nombre + eyes.
    * visto desde la perspectiva de + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.

    * * *
    1 ( Arquit, Art) perspective
    un dibujo en perspectiva a drawing in perspective, a perspective drawing
    2 (vista, paisaje) view, perspective ( frml)
    desde lo alto se divisa una magnífica perspectiva from the top you get a magnificent view
    3 (punto de vista) perspective
    4 (posibilidad) prospect
    las perspectivas son muy buenas the prospects are o the outlook is very good
    ante la perspectiva de morir quemados faced with the prospect of being burned to death
    no tengo ningún plan en perspectiva I've no plans for the immediate future
    * * *

     

    perspectiva sustantivo femenino
    a) (Arquit, Art) perspective;


    b) (vista, paisaje) view, perspective (frml)




    no tengo ningún plan en perspectiva I've no plans for the immediate future
    perspectiva sustantivo femenino
    1 Arte perspective, en perspectiva, in perspective
    2 (panorama) perspective, view
    3 (apreciación) point of view
    4 (porvenir) prospect, outlook
    ' perspectiva' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    desde
    - frontal
    - ofrecerse
    - vista
    - panorama
    - panorámica
    - prisma
    - punto
    English:
    adopt
    - alarmed
    - educationally
    - grim
    - outlook
    - perspective
    - prospect
    - rosy
    - scenario
    - somber
    - sombre
    - angle
    - offing
    - relish
    * * *
    1. [en dibujo] perspective;
    en perspectiva [dibujo] in perspective
    perspectiva aérea aerial perspective;
    perspectiva lineal linear perspective
    2. [paisaje] view
    3. [punto de vista] perspective;
    según su perspectiva… the way he sees it…
    4. [futuro] prospect;
    en perspectiva in prospect;
    tienen un viaje a África en perspectiva they have a trip to Africa in prospect
    5. [posibilidad] prospect;
    la perspectiva de tener que visitarla no me entusiasma the prospect of having to visit her doesn't exactly thrill me
    * * *
    f
    1 ( vista, ángulo) perspective
    2 fig
    point of view;
    perspectivas pl outlook sg, prospects;
    tener algo en perspectiva have the possibility of sth
    * * *
    1) : perspective, view
    2) : prospect, outlook
    * * *
    1. (en arte) perspective
    2. (punto de vista) point of view / angle
    3. (panorama) view
    4. (expectativa) prospect

    Spanish-English dictionary > perspectiva

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